Cortland Evening Standard, Tuesday, July 31, 1900.
ARMISTICE IN FORCE.
That's Why Ministers Are Still Alive In Pekin.
FIRING DISCONTINUED JULY 18.
Sir Claude MacDonald Gets Message Through From Pekin, Showing Peril of Legations—Americans and British Will Advance in 48 Hours.
LONDON, July 31.—The admiralty has made public the following dispatch from Rear Admiral Bruce at Tien Tsin:
"Following message from Pekin:
"British legation, Pekin, June 20 to July 16, repeatedly attacked by Chinese troops on all sides. Both rifle and artillery fire. Since July 16 an armistice, but a cordon is strictly drawn on both sides of the position. Chinese barricades close to ours.
"All women and children in the British legation. Casualties to date 62 killed, including Captain Stroute. A number of wounded in hospital including Captain Halliday. Rest of legation all well except David Oliphant and Warren, killed July 21.
"MACDONALD."
ALL DOUBT REMOVED.
Even England Believes Authenticity of Dispatches—Advance About to Commence.
LONDON, July 31.—Sir Claude MacDonald's welcome dispatch, dated Pekin, July 21, and received in cipher, is accepted on all sides as dispelling any doubts that might still have existed regarding the genuineness of the dispatches. Owing to an error in transmission the message fails to show the number of wounded. David Oliphant and Warren were two student interpreters.
The message fails to mention the other legations and other matters of pressing importance to know; but it should be borne in mind that the British minister may not be aware that all his previous dispatches have been suppressed. He may be under the impression that the government is fully posted regarding all recent occurrences.
Apart from this dispatch there is practically no fresh news, although a special from Tien Tsin asserts that the British and American forces are getting ready to advance within 40 hours.
Li Hung Chang remains at Shanghai. He says that the great heat has prevented him continuing the journey to Pekin.
Sir Michael Hicks-Beach, chancellor of the exchequer, explained to parliament yesterday that the British government has incurred no financial liability to Japan for military assistance in China. The proposed guarantee depended upon Japans sending a larger number of troops than she sent and at an earlier date, and the offer was not accepted by the Japanese government.
PERMANENT BOYCOTT.
Milk Strike Will Be Effective Unless Demands Are Met.
SYRACUSE, July 31.—A Cortland special says: The Five States Milk Producers' association will, unless the dealers in New York accede to their demands, institute another boycott, which will, if started, undoubtedly be permanent.
During the past few days representatives of cheese commission merchants from outside states have been making Cortland county milk producers flattering offers to engage in the manufacture of this product. The members of the association are willing to continue the shipment of milk to New York providing the committee of the association is successful in securing the adoption of a permanent and satisfactory scale of prices.
The committee was given until Sept. 1 to make arrangements and until that time nothing will be done.
The following schedule of prices for a period of five years is demanded: Three cents per quart for November, December and January; 2 3-4 cents per quart for February, March and October; 2 1-2 cents for September; 2 1-4 cents for April and August; 2 cents for May and July, and 1 3-4 cents for June.
MINISTERS ARE WELL
And Previsions Are Supplied to Them—Chinese Soldiers Diminishing.
WASHINGTON, July 31.—The following dispatch from Admiral Remey was received by the navy department this morning:
CHE FOO, July 31.—Bureau of Navigation, Washington:
TAKU, July 28.—Japanese military attache, Pekin, letter July 22 reports legations besieged since June 18. Continually attacked from June 20 until July 17. Attack then ceased and Chinese soldiers apparently diminishing. Sixty Europeans killed, Telegram from governor of Shan Tung addressed to Consular body, Che Foo, says: "Imperial edict states that various ministers except German are well and provisions have been supplied." REMEY, Taku.
Margherita Arlina Hamm.
PAGE TWO—EDITORIAL.
Why Chinese Hate Foreigners.
In the current issue of The Independent, Margherita Arlina Hamm gives a very clear explanation of the reasons for the present, anti-foreign uprising in China. The Utica Dispatch-Herald males the following summary of the article: The writer shows that the revolution is really the effort of an ancient system of society and civilization to protect itself against a new and stronger one.
Although the uprising has been marked by the indiscriminate slaughter of Christian converts, it is not really of a religious character. The Chinese are tolerant, indifferent or apathetic in all matters of faith, as is shown by their treatment of Mohammedans, Jews and Parsees. They have never persecuted the Nestorians, and seldom those of the Greek Orthodox church. They have attacked only Christian converts belonging to the sects of European and American governments. Western Christianity to them is so closely identified with western civilization that they find it impossible to separate the two.
Ever since the opening of the treaty ports, western civilization has caused suffering in China, which has constantly increased. People of all classes have been affected. At the opening of the ports the rivers and coast waters of China were crowded with junks which gave employment to several million people. To-day these vessels number less than one-third of what they were in 1850, and of those still doing business few have enough employment to more than pay running expenses. Each year has witnessed the granting of new concessions to foreigners in this field. The introduction of railways into the Middle Kingdom threw a million of porters out of employment and caused the decay of hundreds of towns whose prosperity depended upon the traffic passing through their gates. The concessions, obtained by foreigners for manufacturing plants, have played havoc with the native workers in every industry covered by a concession. Foreign agents sent to the tea district learned the secret of cultivation and introduced it successfully in other countries. The result has been a falling off of the Chinese tea trade in fifty years of over one hundred million pounds per annum; Amoy, which once exported thirty million pounds a year, has been reduced to a place of almost no importance; and thousands of tea farmers have been ruined. Formerly all the oil used in China for illuminating purposes was extracted from native beans. Now kerosene is sold at 10 cents a gallon, a price at which the bean farmer is utterly unable to compete. It is no consolation to him to know that kerosene is a better illuminant than bean oil.
In the political world the changes have been equally great and unpopular. The placing of Chinese customs in charge of foreigners was a charge and a demonstration that the natives were too corrupt and dishonest to be entrusted with the collecting of their own revenue for their own country. There is doubtless great corruption and dishonesty among Chinese officials, but so strong was the feeling against this particularly grievous foreign interference that from the start every custom house had to be armed, in order to be in readiness for a mob or a rebellion. Another grievance of the Chinese is the system extorted from the government by the powers, whereby customs officials give transit passes, thus enabling merchants to escape the likin taxes of the interior. These were collected at stations from five to ten miles apart along every road and river. The tax at each point was very small, but it was enough to support a small army of officials, and to increase the prosperity of thousands of villagers. The transit pass enables a merchant by paying a small sum at a treaty port to ship his goods free from all further tax far up into the interior. The innovation has brought about an extraordinary increase in imports to the detriment of home products, has reduced the revenue of the likin officials, and disturbed if not destroyed hundreds of oil trade routes and established industries.
In social and governmental affairs the forced intrusion of western ideas has introduced what the Chinese consider grave consequences. Originally there was a literary aristocracy in China, each class being much above the one beneath and as far below the one above; but it was not caste, as the poorest boy of high ability could work his way to the highest class, Li Hung Chang being an example. The first blow at the system came when England and France compelled the Chinese to receive a minister as the equal of a Prince. The second blow was when consuls were made the official and social equals of the governors of big cities, the governors of provinces and the major generals of the Manchurian army. The next step was when the same privilege was extended to consular and commercial agents. Before the new treaty rights came into being the Chinese officials regarded a foreign merchant the same as a native one—that is, with the indifference of supreme contempt. Afterward a young merchant, who acted as a consular or commercial agent for a foreign power of which the official probably never heard, became his equal. A fourth blow came with the introduction of extra-territorial consular jurisdiction and its extension from the treaty ports into the interior. This not only affected persons, but also the Chinese system of laws and regulations. What to the Chinese mind were unpardonable sins—such as sacrilege—were treated in their own country by these foreign tribunals as trivial misdemeanors and, on the other hand, the tribunals enforced western laws, which to the Chinaman had no meaning or justification.
Next came the extension of the consular aegis to Christian converts. The idea was to protect poor converts from persecution and prosecution. The result was, according to Chinese reports, the enrollment of thousands of criminals as Christians. Then the French priests got as clause inserted in the treaty with their country, whereby they became entitled to the same recognition as consuls. Under the "favored nation" clause of other treaties every missionary, no matter what his church, was thus put on a par with the great officials of the empire. Every Christian church or other building became a possible asylum for malefactors, as well as a district no longer amenable to the law of the land; and, as there were 4,000 missionaries, the Chinese people saw, without understanding why, the sudden creation of that number of independent principalities.
In China land is held under leases from the government, the tenant paying a small ground rent. The home is held in trust by the head for his family or clan. The Chinese government was compelled to give leases to foreign consuls, who in turn leased to European or even Chinese tenants. The new owner could thus deny shelter to one to whom the property was clan property.
Last of all, the consuls and the custom officials together established a postal system, which carried mail matter at postal union rates. This was a good thing for commerce, as postage in some cases was reduced from $2 to 5 cents, but it was a deadly blow at the private postoffices and express carriers.
ABOUT REV. W. J. LEVERETT.
Rumored that Binghamton Missionary Is Dead in China.
Dr. John Leverett received a letter from his cousin, Miss Jessup of Montrose, yesterday forenoon asking him for information concerning the death of his brother, Rev. William J. Leverett, who is a missionary on the island of Hainan, China. This was the first knowledge that the doctor had of his brother's death, and he immediately telegraphed to the mission house in New York to learn if the report was true. In the afternoon he received an answer to his telegram saying that they had received no message telling of Mr. Leverett's death, but had cabled for information. Miss Jessup heard the report from her brother In New York.—Binghamton Republican.
Mr. Leverett is known to many in Cortland and the Y. P. S. C. E. of the Presbyterian church of Cortland has for several years been contributing to his support in the mission field.
CHAIRMAN JONES TO CANDIDATE BRYAN.
YOUNG LADS IN COURT.
Discharged Through Insufficient Grounds to Hold Them.
Seneca Howard, James Hickey and William Ferris appeared in [Cortland] city court this morning, charged with unlawful injury to property. Judge Davis examined into the case and did not find sufficient evidence upon which to hold them, so they were discharged.
SUICIDE AT MORAVIA.
Frank Frost Cut His Throat With a Razor.
MORAVIA, July 30.—Frank Frost committed suicide this afternoon, cutting his throat with a razor. He was a member of the Cayuga county bar and leaves a mother and brother. He died at about 4 o'clock in the afternoon.
Messenger House, Cortland, N. Y.
At the Messenger.
Capt. George E. Ashby is now in charge of the office at the Messenger House. Mr. Ashby is a veteran in the hotel business, thoroughly understands the needs of the traveling public and is always on the alert for the welfare of guests. He is no stranger to the patrons of the Messenger House, having been with Mr. Chadbourne as clerk for three years and also with Mr. Ingraham for two years. He has also been six and one half years at the Cortland House.
Exhibition Test.
Peck Brothers will give an exhibition test of the Blizzard ensilage cutter at the Farmers' Exchange, Tuesday, Aug. 7 at 2 P. M. This test is of great importance to a great many and will be watched with a great deal of interest.
Homer Family Reunion.
The annual reunion and picnic of the Homer family will be held at the home of Mr. Milo Homer in Freetown, Wednesday, Aug. 15. All members of the family and their friends are cordially invited to be present.
NEW STATION IN BINGHAMTON.
Work Already Begun—To Cost $40,000—Completed in Four Months.
The Lackawanna railroad is to have a new passenger station in Binghamton, and work has already been begun upon it by the contractors, the Grace & Hyde Co. of New York. The station will be 100 feet long and 50 feet wide. It will cost $40,000 exclusive of heating and electrical fixtures and furniture. It will take about four months to complete it.
Glen Haven Hotel and Water Cure.
AT GLEN HAVEN.
List of Some of the Late Arrivals at the Sanitarium.
Among the recent arrivals at the Glen Haven hotel and sanitarium are the following:
Chicago, Ill.—Mrs. E. R. Wordle, Miss Marie Wordle, Master George Wordle, Mr. and Mrs. E. Foster, the Misses Bradley.
Philadelphia, Pa.—Robert H. Ivy, Dr. Howard E. Roberts.
Binghamton, N. Y.—Mr. and Mrs. C. F. McHenry, Roy C. McHenry.
Cortland—Mr. and Mrs. James E. Tanner, Robt. L. Brewer, Edward Brewer, Ward W. Wickwire, Jere R. Wickwire.
Utica, N. Y.—Mr. and Mrs. D. P. Phelps. Master Winston Phelps.
New York City—T. J. Worman.
Syracuse—Mr. and Mrs. M. P. Blakeslee, Miss Hall, Mrs. J. B. Miller, Mrs. W. A. Holden, Miss Eloise Holden, Miss Charlotte Holden, Miss Helen Butler, M. H. Northrup, Jr., A. D. Peck, A. B. Guilford, Miss Marion L. Manning, James P. Rule, Miss Marjorie F. Coats.
Corning—Mr. and Mrs. Conger, Mr. and Mrs. Stansfield, Miss Swatz, Mrs. McClaim, Mr. and Mrs. H. T. Peck, Miss Bowman, Miss Delia M. DeLand, Miss Ellen M. Shaw.
Among the Syracuse people who spent Saturday at Glen Haven were Mr. and Mrs. W. B. Gere, Miss Nettie Gere, Mr. and Mrs. F. C. Soule, Master O. F. Soule, Jr., Master R. G. Soule, Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Nettleton, Miss Brummelkamp, Mr. and Mrs. E. J. Rice, Mr. and Mrs. O. F. Soule, Mr. and Mrs. F. C. Howlett, Mr. and Mrs. C. C. Bradley, Jr., Mrs. C. C. Bradley.
There was a very pleasant hop in the music room Saturday evening, F. R. Miller of Cortland furnishing the music upon the piano.
LADIES' DRIVING CONTEST
Offered by Beard & Peck for the Cortland County Fair.
Beard & Peck this year offer a novelty in the way of a special prize so far as the Cortland county fair is concerned. It is three prizes, for the lady who can hitch up a horse on the track and drive one mile on the track in the quickest time, also for the second and third quickest time. The contest will occur on Thursday, Aug. 28, at 1 o'clock sharp. The rules of the contest will be as follows; we give them thus early in order that contestants may be practicing:
1. Ladies entering the contest must be bona-fide residents of the towns of Dryden, Groton, Summerhiil, McLean, Peruville or any town in Cortland county.
2. Horses being driven must be owned in town in which the driver resides.
3. All entries must be made to Beard & Peck, Cortland, N. Y., before 12 o'clock noon, Aug. 21. Entries can be made by mail. The first ten entries will be accepted, all others rejected. Entrance free. Decision of judges to be final.
4. Ladies are required to harness horse, hitch to vehicle and drive one mile or round race track twice, the driver having privilege to trot or run her horse.
5. Harness must be done up in three parts as follows: Headstall and lines, breast collar and traces, back pad and breeching. Headstall must have check and throat latch and lines must be doubled and run through rings of bit and tied separately in one knot. Traces must be neatly done up and sidestraps must be attached to breeching and run through loop.
6. Start will be made with lady holding horse by halter, horse to be harnessed by driver, halter taken off and put in wagon, horse hitched to vehicle, sidestraps to be wound three times around thills and horse checked. Harness to hang on vehicle when word "go" is given.
7. Vehicle to be used is left optional with driver. It can be two or four wheels.
8. On the home stretch all contestants are required to drive past the grandstand as far as the exhibition building to avoid accident.
9. To the lady performing the above feat in the quickest time and most graceful manner will be given by Beard & Peck, furniture dealers of Cortland, for first prize, an elegant chamber suit, consisting of bedstead, dresser, commode and towel rack, one set of woven wire springs and one cotton top mattress, worth $25.00. Second prize, one sideboard worth $14.00. Third prize, one bamboo parlor cabinet worth $7.00.
10. Contest to take place on the Cortland race track at 1 P. M. sharp, Aug. 23.
BREVITIES.
—Cortland Commandery, No. 50, K. T., will meet Wednesday evening at 8 o'clock for drill.
—The Brownies will go to McGraw Friday morning to play the academy nine of that place.
—Members of the C. M. B. A. are requested to meet at their hall Thursday morning at 7 o'clock to attend the funeral of Patrick Driscoll at 7:30 o'clock.
—The meeting of the Brotherhood of St. Paul of the Homer-ave. M. E. church adjourned last night till next Monday night at which time officers will be elected.
—Mrs. Phoebe Japhet died yesterday afternoon of paralysis at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Geo. Stowell, 87 Railway-ave. Funeral Wednesday at 2 o'clock at the house.
—Miss Helen Eells of Beach-ave. entertained last evening in honor of her guest, Miss Nina Dillenbeck of Cortland. A very enjoyable evening was spent by the guests.—Auburn Advertiser.
—Mr. H. R. Cone has purchased of his father, Newton Cone, the grocery store at 43 Greenbush-st, and will continue the business at the same place. The transfer was made yesterday morning.
—New display advertisements to-day are—Tyler & Smith, Clothing, page 7; Glann & Clark, Big cut in Oxfords, page 6; M. A. Hudson, Crockery sale, page 7; Fred I. Graham, Orangeade, page 4; Stowell, Special sale, page 7.
—The sixteen Ithaca I. O. O. F. lodgemen, who were in Cortland three weeks ago, last night in attendance at the Vesta lodge initiation have presented Vesta with a beautiful solid silver mounted, ebony gavel which is heartily appreciated by the boys.
—The assessment roll of the city of Cortland has been completed for the present year and filed in the office of the city clerk where it will remain for examination through the month of August. Tuesday, Sept. 4 will be complaint day and complaints may be made to the board of review in Fireman's hall.
—The Presbyterian Sunday-school picnic occurs at the park to-morrow afternoon. All who have baskets or boxes containing provisions that they would like to have taken up to the park should have them at the church at a time not later than 2 o'clock, as the freight car will be there at that hour to take them up. The McGraw ride starts at 2:30.
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