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| Major General Arthur MacArthur, Jr. |
Cortland Evening Standard, Monday, January 14, 1901.
BANDITS IN THE PHILIPPINES.
Organized Band Guilty of Horrible Crimes.
CAMP IN MOUNTAIN FASTNESSES.
Americans Seized and Put to Death For Mere Sake of Murder—Town Attacked, Two Killed and Hundred Houses Burned—Some Captured.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 14.—Copies of general orders from the Philippines received here show that a large number of native Filipinos have been convicted of murder and other crimes and sentenced to be hanged or to long terms of imprisonment.
In one case the accused belonged to an organized band which, under the name of "Guardia de Honor," had for its declared object the murder of peaceful and unoffending victims, if found necessary to gratify either a desire for revenge or a feeling of envy against the rich, "These inhuman methods," says Gen. MacArthur, "remove all the participants, whether chief or willing followers of the bands from the pale of the law and place them among that class of cowardly and secret assassins which all civilized men the world over hold to be enemies of mankind."
A native named Vincente Prado established a camp in a strong position difficult of access in the mountains near Rosario in Union province. There he entrenched his camp and erected buildings for a band of armed outlaws, which he gathered about him. Recently two Americans were taken into the camp as prisoners and, for no assigned reason other than that "they were enemies," they were ordered to instant death. Shortly afterwards two Iggorrotes, a man and a woman, were taken before Prado and charged with being American spies. Without any attempt at proof of guilt or form of trial, they were ordered to be immediately executed. In both instances Prado personally witnessed the bloody execution of his orders by members of his band, who used their bolos on the defenseless prisoners.
On another occasion Prado ordered his band to attack and burn the Puebla of San Jacinto and to arrest and, "if he resisted," kill the presidente of Rosario. In pursuance of these orders, the presidente of Rosario and his son were killed and 103 houses destroyed by fire. Prado and his chief outlaw assistants were sentenced to be hanged.
Another native sentenced to be hanged was Pedro Lachica. This man was one of a band of natives who, representing themselves to be policemen, entered at night several houses and by threats and the use of firearms forced the natives to come out and surrender. They then tied the arms of the men behind their backs to and beat them with bolos and robbed the houses of money, jewelry and other valuables.
GRANT'S DISTRICT PACIFIED.
Insurgents Have All Been Driven Into the Hills by Americans.
MANILA, Jan. 14.—Gen. Grant, who is endeavoring to finish the latest insurrection in his district, and who is personally commanding his scouts at the southern end, reported yesterday that he had encountered a number of bands south of Buloc mountain, all of which retired up the hills. He says that a hundred of the enemy, who were well entrenched, made considerable resistance but were ultimately driven from their position. Four bodies of insurgents were found. The American casualties were a sergeant and one private of troop A, Philippine cavalry, wounded.
In the opinion of Gen. Grant his district is now fairly pacified, and with the exception of the locality south of Buloc mountain, and the province of Pampanga, is ready for civil government.
It is expected that Pampanga will be the first province to which provincial government will be applied.
Lieut. Col. Frank D. Baldwin, of the 4th U. S. Infantry, destroyed an insurgent arsenal in the Patangan district securing a quantity of arms and ammunition, together with a printing press and other material.
Expense Delivering Indian Award.
SYRACUSE, Jan. 14.—Attorney J. B. Jenkins of Oneida, representing the Indians of the Six Nations in the claims against the government, is preparing a bill to be introduced in congress appropriating $10,000 for the expenses of distributing the $3,000,000 award made to the red men.
PAGE FOUR—EDITORIALS.
The Beneficiaries of 1900.
The Chicago Tribune figures out that the benefactions of 1900 to educational institutions, libraries, art museums and galleries, charities and churches by personal donations and bequests amount to the large total of $60,264,030 to date, or between $19,000,000 and $20,000,000 less than the previous year.
That the record shows for 1900 a falling off as compared with 1899 is in no way discouraging, for that year was a record breaker. Its total ($79,749,956) was a round $50,000,000 greater than the average of the preceding ten years and that of 1900 is fully $32,000,000 greater, showing that while the wave has naturally receded a little it is still far in advance of the total reached in any year prior to [1899].
Of this great sum of $60,264,030 educational institutions have received almost exactly one-half, or $30,669,644, and more than half of this has been received by 36 of the larger colleges and universities. The smaller colleges, academies and seminaries have been given $9,061,405, and the Methodist twentieth century thank offering [sic] has enriched educational institutions with $3,142,532 more.
Libraries and art museums and galleries should be classified as educational. The former have received $6,448,000. Nearly the entire amount has been given for the building of new libraries in 64 different cities and towns, and 17 of these are to be credited to Andrew Carnegie, who has given $4,195,000 for this purpose during the year. For art galleries and museums there has been donated $956,000.
Charities and churches have received a generous proportion of the total benefits. Charities have taken $13,390,176, which is about $150,000 more than last year, and the various churches and church enterprises $8,799,605, which is nearly $6,000,000 more than last year.
These figures only represent gifts or bequests where the amount is over $1,000 and do not include the vast number of private subscriptions and collections of which no record can be kept. Altogether they furnish a very substantial reason for an optimistic view of the future of the world and its conditions.
Longevity of the Twentieth Century.
Though perhaps few persons who saw the dawn of the twentieth century will live long enough to see the dawn of the twenty-first, it is a generally admitted fact that the span of human life is perceptibly and steadily lengthening. The authorities all admit that the average term of life during the nineteenth century was several years longer than the average of the eighteenth, and it is a fair assumption that the term will be still further extended in the twentieth. The wonderful advances made in medicine and surgery have contributed greatly to this end, yet an important factor has been the greater value placed upon human life than in former centuries and the larger development of that innate faculty that gives love of life.
This love of life for its own sake, writes Mr. Albert Turner, publisher of Health Culture and an eminent authority on the science of longevity, is that which gives what may be called natural longevity, because it is inherent and not produced by environments. The result of its manifestation is a toughness of constitution and great tenacity of life and an involuntary resistance of disease and premature death by force of will and a strong mental effort to overcome all that has a tendency to shorten life. It spurs the conscience into activity and stimulates the will power to assert itself for the promotion of this end. It never yields to sickness or disease as long as the breath of life remains.
In every human being this "love of life" manifests itself to a degree. All like to live; otherwise life would end, for the elements must be contended with. We must overcome the effects of heat and cold and all the surroundings that endanger existence, and the degree with which we do this is the measure of the power of this element for longevity.
In view of the fact that these conditions have so important an influence and also that they are capable of cultivation, concludes Mr. Turner, let us then take a mental inventory and see that we have in stock that which will make for health, happiness and longevity.
TO TEST THE WATER.
Samples Taken from Wells and from the City Supply.
The citizens of Cortland are no longer in doubt of the position held by the board of health and Mayor C. F. Brown in reference to the typhoid fever matter. With full instructions from the state board of health, Mr. Brown, Dr. E. M. Santee and a STANDARD man started this morning behind the city team, driven by D. F. Waters, to get samples of water from various sections of the city. Mayor Brown had been asked by about twenty citizens that their wells might be selected, but the state board had asked for only two or three, so all of these could not be favored. Four samples, aside from the city water, were taken.
Sample number one was secured from a well at 23 Garfield-st., where there have been three cases of typhoid. There is one cess pool twenty feet away from it and two more thirty feet away. A water closet with box was within fifteen feet of the well, and a horse stable not more than twenty-five feet away. The well is about twenty feet from the swamp and is in the heart of the typhoid region.
Number two was secured from a well at 73 Homer-ave. at the home of Mr. J. R. Birdlebough. This well is 35 feet deep, is 50 feet from the nearest closet [toilet] and 200 feet from a cesspool. It is within 40 feet of Otter creek mill race and is not close to any stable.
Number three was taken from a driven well at Frost's greenhouse on Tompkins-st., where drainage is supposed to come from the cemetery. The well is over twenty feet deep, is fifty feet from a cesspool, fifty feet from the horsebarn and fifteen rods from the cemetery.
Number four came from the well in Benton's lumber yard where, it is stated that both Mr. Fay Millen, deceased, and Mr. Orson A. Kinney drank. This well is sixty feet deep, is about forty feet from one stable and sixty feet from another. A privy vault stood within fifty feet of it.
Number five of the samples was city water.
Each of these samples was taken in a gallon bottle. Two bottles from each well were taken, one for bacteriological examination and the other for chemical examination. It will be several days before the samples will be heard from, but as soon as possible the results will be announced through The STANDARD.
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| Mahan's Music Store. |
READY TO OPEN.
Rummage Sale Begins Bright and Early To-morrow Morning,
Goods of all description and mostly in good quantities have been received at the Mahan block [Court St., Cortland] to-day for the Hospital rummage sale, and the ladies are anxious that the influx will continue all the week. There is a scarcity of children's clothing of all kinds, dresses, cloaks, underwear, etc., also of ladies' skirts, underskirts and underwear for all.
At the other rummage sales there has been a scarcity of magazines. This cannot be said of this sale, as there are many piles of the leading periodicals which the ladies be ready to show to-morrow morning. Sale begins at 8 o'clock. Everything is in readiness for it.
"THE MOUND BUILDERS."
Splendid Discussion by Mr. Milburn at the Science Club.
Before the Science club last Saturday night, Rev. U. S Milburn, pastor of the Universalist church, gave a comprehensive and thoroughly interesting review of the people who, by reason of the innumerable earth works scattered throughout this country called mounds, are styled "the Mound Builders."
Mr. Milburn reviewed the many surprising advances made in archaeological directions during the century that has just been completed, and stated that it was no longer necessary to go to the old world for these explorations, as this country supplies abundant material f or examination that has caused much speculation, and given rise to many theories as to its originators.
The speaker referred to the mark that had been left by those styled the "Vanished Civilization" in the stupendous stone structures of Yucatan and Mexico, the adobe pueblos of New Mexico, and the innumerable earthworks off the Mississippi valley, and gave as his purpose to speak only of the last mentioned. Mr. Millburn's boyhood home was in Ohio and he has spent much time in the study of the mounds of that state. Last summer he spent his vacation there and gathered materials in the form of arrowheads, polished celts, vessels of clay, soapstone pipes, discoidal rubbing stones, hammer stones, engraved shells, shell gorgets, copper beads, shell beads, etc., which he exhibited before the meeting.
The territory over which the mounds are scattered was described as being very extensive, and bounded by a line starting from the Gulf of Mexico, passing through western Arkansas and Wisconsin, projecting into Canada, around into New York, following down the Appalachian mountains so as to include North Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia.
The mounds were described as being of various sizes from the faintest perceptible knoll to a majestic heap of earth ninety feet high. Each district has some peculiar trait which differentiates it from the others. For instance, the Wisconsin district has effigy mounds in abundance, the Ohio district, arches, squares, pipes and "altars," the New York district, palisades and burial mounds, the Illinois district, small stone or wooden vaults.
The speaker took his audience on an excavating trip to one of the mounds for the purpose of finding what they contain, the substance which they are made, the manner in which it is laid on and how long they have been in existence, for what they were, who made them, what was the social status of their makers and their religious customs. Here the speaker described what had been taken from a single pit.
He then went into the discussion of the purposes of the mounds. The old method of dividing mounds into defensive, religious and sepulchral, the speaker said, was partly correct but not wholly so. Some were no doubt defensive, others are the sites of villages. But the mounds raised in connection with the burial of the dead are far more important than all the others.
Of the Ohio mounds, he said that it had been estimated that no less than 13,000 mounds are within the state. He described the burial mounds and altar mounds of that state. The Great Serpent mound in Adams county was described as being on a crescent tongue of land, rising about one hundred feet above Brush creek. The frog, from its nose to the joint of its hind leg is 55 feet. The egg is 11 by 50 feet. In the center is a low mound 15 feet in diameter. The head of the serpent is 70 feet, neck 75 feet; whole length 1,116 feet.
Different tribes of the mound builders were spoken of, as were also the different forms of religion and burial ceremony. He found nothing to justify the assertion that the mound builders belonged to a race far superior to the Indians, nor was there proof of their great antiquity.
IMPROVEMENTS ON E. & C. N. Y. R. R.
Big Trestle to be Filled Near Willet—Two Smaller Trestles.
At a recent meeting of the directors of the Erie & Central New York railroad it was voted to appropriate $25,000 for improvements upon the road during the coming year. One of the improvements decided upon was the filling of the big trestle over the valley near Willet station. A wooden bridge is now in use at that point and would have to be renewed within a few years. It will cost nearly two-thirds of that same and would have to be renewed again after a few years. Two other shorter trestles will also be filled. The road bed is now in very good shape. About five miles of it has been ballasted with stone, and this work will be continued through the coming season. The road is doing an astonishing business, and residents along the line are wondering how they ever get along without it.
Death of a Syracuse Nurse.
Miss Blanche Bennett, who came from Syracuse about three weeks ago to nurse in the family of Dever Truman, 23 Garfield-st., where there were two cases of typhoid fever, died of the disease yesterday afternoon at about 5 P. M,, after an illness of ten days. Miss Bennett's home was In Canaseraga, where the remains will be taken this evening for burial.
Baseball Player Weds.
At St. Mary's church this morning Rev. J. J. McLoghlin joined in wedlock Mr. P. J. O'Brien, the fast shortstop of Cortland's baseball team last summer, and Miss Maggie Garrity, 22 Water-st. The couple will make their home in Binghamton where Mr. O'Brien is at work. "Pete" evidently did not come to Cortland to play ball in vain.
BREVITIES.
—The regular monthly meeting of the board of directors of the Y. M. C. A. will be held at the association rooms to-night at 8 o'clock.
—The missionary committee of the Cortland Baptist association held a meeting at the First Baptist church this afternoon at 3 o'clock.
—Mr. Joseph D. Wilson died at his home in Virgil this morning at 9 o'clock. His age was 81 years. The funeral arrangements are not yet made.
—The condition of Mr. Orson A. Kinney remains almost unchanged except that one lung is slightly affected with pneumonia. This keeps his fever up.
—Mrs. Dwight Brown entertained at her home, 13 Washington-st., Saturday evening the Mercy and Help department committee of the Epworth league of the First M. E. church.
—Mr. Hubert R. Maine was quite decidedly better yesterday, and the improvement continues to-day with no unfavorable symptoms. His physician feels much encouraged to-day.
—New display advertisements to-day are—E. M. Mansur, Groceries, page 2; Opera House, "Sporting Life," page 5; Bingham & Miller, Clothing, page 7; Palmer & Co., Granulated sugar, page 1.
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