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| Major Gen. Adna Chaffee. |
Cortland Evening Standard, Tuesday, July 23, 1901.
PHILIPPINE REFORMS.
Corbin and Chaffee Decide on Changes to Be Made.
COST WILL BE REDUCED ONE HALF.
Troops to Be Concentrated at Manila, Dagupan and Iloilo or Cebu and One General Hospital Established. Insular Constabulary Being Organized.
MANILA, July 23.--The conference between Adjutant General Corbin and General Chaffee, recently held here, will probably result in radical economical and administrative reforms in the army of occupation. It is estimated the total cost of maintaining the American army in the Philippines can be reduced by 60 per cent in the course of one year.
The principal change will be the reduction of the present force to between 20,000 and 30,000 men. The abolishment of the present army districts is contemplated and three brigades, with permanent headquarters at Manila, Dagupan and Iloilo or Cebu, will be instituted in their stead. The troops will be concentrated at the three points selected, abandoning all minor posts. These changes will result in an enormous saving in the transportation of supplies and the paying of rental for barracks for the soldiers. At present, in most towns, the troops are quartered in churches, convents and public and private buildings, for the use of which considerable rentals are paid. In the majority of other cases, where the troops do not occupy public buildings, it is believed rental should be paid for the soldiers' quarters if their occupancy is continued, since these regions are pacified and their inhabitants have sworn allegiance to the United States.
Adjutant Corbin and General Chaffee have decided upon the construction of barracks at the pumping station (about six miles from Manila, and the source of the city's water supply) to accommodate three regiments of infantry, one of cavalry and eight batteries of artillery, as well as a general commissary and quartermaster's storehouse to cost $100,000. The erection of this latter building will reduce expenses by $20,000 a month, being the rentals paid for the commissary and quartermaster's storehouse in Manila alone. An elaborate railroad connecting the docks on the Pasig river and the new storehouse will be constructed.
Generals Corbin and Chaffee have also decided upon one single general military hospital to replace the seven military hospitals in Manila and vicinity; one of the latter buildings will be converted into a public hospital.
The reduction of the great fleet of government launches and small government steamers has already begun.
Permanent barracks have been erected at Dagupan to accommodate all the troops necessary in Northern Luzon.
Government vessels will carry supplies for the Southern brigade from the United States direct to Iloilo without touching at Manila.
The insular constabulary is now being organized. It will be maintained by the insular government and is expected to be amply able to preserve peace and enforce the law. This constabulary will, as a general rule, be armed with rifles, but its members have been given 5,000 shotguns and 2,000 ponies relinquished by the army.
The telegraph system throughout the archipelago, established by the signal corps, has been taken over by the civil government. Much wheeled transportation formerly belonging to the army, has already been disposed of. The concentration of the troops to Manila, Dagupan, Iloilo or Cebu will begin at the close of the rainy season next November.
As a further measure of economy arrangements are being perfected to stop the buying by various civilians and civil government employes of commissary stores, heretofore sold them at the army rates.
Adjutant General Corbin will sail for the Southern archipelago on the transport Lawton. From there he will go direct to China, returning to the United States via Vancouver.
PLAN OF PAYMENT SETTLED.
Powers' Representatives at Pekin Agree on Question as to Indemnity.
WASHINGTON, July 28.—The state department received a dispatch yesterday from Commissioner Rockhill at Pekin, announcing that a plan for the payment of the indemnity to the powers by the Chinese government finally had been adopted.
The amortization of the bonds to be issued will begin in 1902 and the plan contemplates the entire liquidation of both principal and interest by [1940].
It is expected that China will raise 23,000,000 taels annually. This sum is to be used to pay the interest on the bonds and to form a sinking fund for the ultimate liquidation of the principal.
Mr. Rockhill's dispatch was very brief and did not go into any details. From their knowledge of the general basis upon which the ministers have been working however the state department officials have a general idea of the conclusions which have been reached. The total amount of indemnity which China will have to pay will aggregate 450,000,000 taels and bears 4 per cent annual interest. It is estimated that of the 23,000,000 taels which China is to pay the first year 18,000,000 taels will be required for interest and that 5,000,000 taels will be applied to the sinking fund.
Each year the interest will grow less and the amount set aside for the sinking fund will increase so that by 1940, when the bonds are to be liquidated, the interest will be almost normal. The sources of revenue for the payment of the indemnity as understood here are to be derived from the Gabelle or salt tax, the maritime customs and the liken tax, a portion to be taken from each.
The principle of the payment of the indemnity having been determined upon, what remains now is to evolve a plan for its execution This is not regarded as a serious problem. The bonds guaranteeing the indemnity are to be distributed among the various powers upon the basis agreed upon heretofore. There will be no international guarantee but it is expected that the governments to whom the bonds are allotted will see to it that the purchasers will be safe in their investments. State department officers apprehend there will be no trouble on the part of the various governments in disposing of these securities.
OFF FOR THE PHILIPPINES.
Transport Thomas Sails Today with a Load of Teachers.
WASHINGTON, July 23.—Five hundred thirty-eight school teachers, three hundred ninety-three men and one hundred forty-five women will sail from San Francisco for Manila on the Transport Thomas today. They are appointed for three years and compose the first installment sent from this country. It is also the first time in the history of the United States in which such attention to colonies has been paid.
Philippine schools are under the direction of Prof. Atkinson, who has made the appointments at Manila. The cost of transportation from this country to Manila is borne by the government and will amount to about $300 in each case.
Major Gen. Arthur MacArthur, Jr.
PAGE FOUR—EDITORIALS.
Trolley Roads as Freight Carriers.
The Iron Age thinks that immense advantages would follow the development of the trolley road into a freight carrying and distributing agency. It cites the Cleveland and Eastern railroad, an electric system connecting Cleveland with certain populous suburban towns, as being probably the first to demonstrate the value of a freight traffic as an important source of revenue to a trolley system. It operates about 60 miles of track and was originally designed exclusively for passenger service. It first discovered an advantage in rendering the people along its extensive lines a service in taking milk to the city and returning the cans. A freight car for milk was built and run at night. It paid so well that another was added. Then combination cars were built, with passenger accommodations at one end and compartments at the other for light freight and express matter. The requirements gradually grew to include the carriage of coal, agricultural implements, fertilizers, groceries and general merchandise one way and milk, vegetables and all kinds of farm and garden produce the other way. The system is still new, but about one-third the earnings of the line come from its freight service. Incidentally it is benefited by the increase of its passenger traffic both ways. The suburbs it reaches are building up rapidly, and it is making its franchise of great value by rendering the public an important service.
These facts are extremely significant, both from the point of view of the public and the traction companies. The immense expansion of the trolley system of the United States, if utilized to affect the exchanges of freights between the districts they connect, will amount to an addition to the transportation facilities of the country which will\ bring about great economic changes of benefit to all classes of society. They are in a position to render services worth many hundreds of millions annually, with material additions to their net earnings. It is scarcely probable that they will long hesitate to follow the lead of their obvious development in the light of the successful experience of the Cleveland lines.
◘ General MacArthur's transfer of military authority in the Philippines to General Chaffee with the simple phrase, "I bequeath to you all of my troubles," can be commended for its eloquent brevity. American fighting men have always been sparing of their words, but they make their deeds count.
BREEZES FROM THE GLEN.
OPTIMIST INDULGES TO SOME EXTENT IN MORALIZING.
Prefers Broiling to Boiling—Dissertation on Fools Who Rock Boats—The Observant Eye of the Veranda Philosopher and How He Sizes Up and Locates the Ladies—Summer Resorts Doing Well In Spite of the Pan-American—Record Breaking Season at Glen Haven—The Hop Last Saturday Night—Some of the Guests.
GLEN HAVEN-ON-SKANEATELES, July 22.—Without any preliminary remarks your correspondent begs leave to submit what in his judgment was rather a mean act, to wit: That the Peary expedition, the last one that started, we mean, did not extend an invitation to the general public to go along. None of us are disposed ordinarily to look upon a trip to the frozen regions, as the most delightful or beneficial thing under the sun, but these are far from being ordinary times. Perilous as life in the Arctic territory is, at least those who manage to exist there are not called upon to live in what might with some reason be called an ocean of humidity.
Between the rains of the past week and the excessive humidity between the showers, we fail to discover where the rainy season countries have any advantage of us. What a delightful thing the humidity is when you sit down and think the subject over carefully. Out of the frying pan into the fire, or, in other words, from the broiling sun to the boiling humidity! To speak the truth, there isn't much choice between the two; yet we believe the people, if forced to choose, would elect to be broiled rather than boiled. We suppose that in the profound economy there is some beneficial use for the particular kind of humidity to which we allude, and that at the proper times it is put to that use, but the time to urge that argument home is not when every stitch to wear is limp from that agency itself.
Although General Humidity has played havoc with my lady's pretty summer gowns and many a cluster of curls has been twisted out of all shape; while the laundry bill for collars and cuffs has almost produced a panic in the exchequer of the city beaux; midsummer here sees everything in full swing of social engagements and athletic outdoor sports. Familiar sojourners of many seasons are greeting each other everywhere on the tennis court, the grand piazza, the bathing pavilion, passing in row boats on the lake and at the dances or informal card parties in the evening.
Speaking on the subject of boating and bathing we note that accidents from these harmless diversions have been more frequent throughout the state this summer than usual, although in this vicinity we have been spared any fatality thus far. We are mentioning a fact rather than filing a protest against the fact, none of us being eager to excel in the race to swell the coroner's fees.
While there is no vaulting ambition on the part of your correspondent to become a gaily caparisoned crusader against the foibles and faults of youth, we would suggest, that, although when the mercury is kicking off the top of its place of confinement in a mad effort to destroy any and everything in sight, discretion is not the least part of valor, and is to be looked for in the average mortal, we violate no confidence in saying that for the benefit of a long suffering public would it not be well to limit the hiring of boats to fools who rock the boats, to the fools themselves. It is the fools who rock or overload the boat, who are swelling the mortality lists with the names of helpless victims. Unlike the flowers that bloom in the spring, they have everything to do with the case. Warned a thousand times against the folly of his course, this idiot, in his various forms, persists year after year in practices which the minimum of common sense should teach him are dangerous. If he went to the bottom himself we should not so much care, but, unfortunately, wives, mothers, sisters, sweethearts go down with him without even time to utter a single prayer. This is Optimists' thought, if any one cares to know.
"Do you know," said the veranda philosopher, seating himself comfortably in a big armed rocker, near your correspondent, "that it is one of the easiest things in the world, after watching the Sunday pageant constantly passing here, to tell almost at a glance from which parts of the country most persons come?
"Now, see that tall, lean woman with the jerky step. Every once in awhile she tosses her bead as high in the air as she can and seems to give sniffs of defiance at the very atmosphere. Ten to one that she's from Boston.
"Look at that dashing maid in the flashy gown. Her fingers are generously bedecked with jewels. See how she walks, with her shoulders well thrown back; observe her happy air of independence and how apparently oblivious she is to much formality. Well, you can bet her home is in New York.
"Then look at that woman following her. Observe that she does not appear to be as forward in her movements or looks as the other one. She is as pretty as she is modest. There is no mistaking whence she comes. She's a Quaker city girl, as sure as you're sitting there.
"Following her, see that plump, demure looking girl. She steps a little slower than the Philadelphian, and is apparently a trifle less at ease in the big crowd. I'll bet you the cigars she is a Syracusian, and I'll go you the refreshments that the tall woman in the mauve colored dress, who has such a charming personality and moves with such ease and grace, is from the sunny South.
"Say, you ought to sit here day in and day out, as I do, and you'd soon get so you could pick them out at sight, as I can. It's a great and pleasant study. Try it."
Come to think about it, what has become of the fellow who paraded himself in the columns of yellow journalism as prophesying that the Pan-American would kill the summer resort business? It is not venturing much to say that in all probability the idea has its most active existence in the fertile brain of the gentleman who wrote it up. If reports are to be relied upon many of the leading resorts are doing a larger business this year than ever, and Glen Haven is not behind her sister resorts in this regard. The past two weeks have the banner record of the past five or six years, for the first weeks in July, while the bookings for August at this resort are unusually large. With that month will come the high tide of humanity, as it always does, and the Hotel Glen Haven will be filled, for that popular month, to the very limit of its capacity.
With waterfalls, glens and grottos innumerable, romantic drives, pure air and water, refined patronage and a splendidly conducted hotel, added to these a lake as fine as any resort in the land can boast, and a warm September and October will keep the visitors lake-bound until it is quite time for the leaves to turn and the Indian summer is several weeks old.
Last Saturday evening the first of the complimentary hops, which are given throughout the season by the management of the Hotel Glen Haven, which are\ ever popular and a general rendezvous for all the beaux and belles of the dancing set, was given in the large music hall. It was attended by the patrons of the hotel and a large number of guests from neighboring cottages. An excellent program of dances was furnished by Harrington's orchestra, composed largely of two-steps and waltzes. It was a grand success.
The large and handsome steam yacht "Belbrick," owned by Mr. E. C. Sterns, brought down a large number of Syracusians to enjoy the music and trip the light fantastic. Among those were Mr. Allen Fobes, Mr. William Eager, Miss Churchman, Miss Madeline Maslin, Miss Elizabeth Church, Miss Bessie Bowe, Miss Padgham and Mr. E. C. Sterns.
One of the wealthy and most popular of New Jerseyites arrived for the season on Monday last, in the person of Mr. W. G. Hackstaf of Morristown. As this is his first visit to Skaneateles lake, it is evidently the intention of Mr. Hackstaff, who is a bachelor, and therefore much sought after by the feminine population, to explore all the highways and byways about Glen Haven, where he may be assured that the beautiful scenery will amply reward his efforts.
Among the dashing turnouts at the Glen the past week was that of Hon. L. J. Fitzgerald of Cortland, who drives a handsome pair of bays with a deft hand and a smart whip. He was accompanied by Mrs. Fitzgerald, Miss Fitzgerald, Miss Mabel Fitzgerald and Master Gerald Lighton.
Mr. C. C. Wickwire of Cortland drove up in his nobby pneumatic tire [wagon] for Sunday. He was the guest of the Fitzgeralds.
A charming party of Cortlandites registered at the Hotel Glen Haven during the week included Mr. and Mrs. A. M. Schermerhorn, Mr. and Mrs. F. B. Nourse, Mr. and Mrs. A. B. Nelson, Mr. and Mrs. E. H. Miller.
Mr. and Mrs. C. Frank Lighton and their little daughter Frances of Syracuse were delighted visitors at the Glen Haven over Sunday and Monday.
Mr. and Mrs. H. M. Rowling of Syracuse arrived on Saturday. Mrs. Rowling will be a guest at the Hotel Glen Haven until September.
Mr. and Mrs. C. B. Peck, Master L. H. Peck, Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Chaplin and Master M. B. Chaplin, all of Cortland, paid a flying trip to this charming resort one day last week. They will be frequent visitors.
OPTIMIST.
A Week at Little York.
A jolly party of a dozen or more young ladies took the 9:48 train for Little York this morning to spend a week or more at the lake in "just having good time," as one of the party expressed herself in the matter. If the party is seen in Cortland in less than a week, it may be concluded as a matter of course that the young ladies were driven out by mosquitoes, at least, so they said. The party is chaperoned by Miss Harriet Allen and Miss Belle Atkinson, the others being Misses Wilhelmina Newkirk, Cora Winchell, Nellie Bliss, Sarah Sherwood, Helen Straat of New York, Grace C. Wallace, Cora Edgcomb Grace K. Allen, Marlea Wells, Elizabeth Van Brocklin and Harriet Benedict.
BOARD OF HEALTH
ADOPTS A RESOLUTION OF POWER FOR HEALTH OFFICER.
Proposition from a Party Unknown to Remove Garbage from City on Contracts at Very Favorable Rates—More Information Concerning It at Next Meeting.
At the adjourned meeting of the board of health last evening a resolution was passed that authorizes the city health officer to act in all matters pertaining to the cleaning and keeping clean all cesspools, drains, and also to the removal of all garbage and ashes, without a resolution from the board of health in each case. The resolution was moved by Mr. Chatterton, seconded by Mr. Bliss and carried unanimously as follows:
Resolved, That the owners or agents, tenants or occupants of any and all real estate and property in the city of Cortland, N. Y., are hereby ordered and required to have and keep their privy vaults, cesspools and drains properly cleaned and in a good sanitary condition at all times. Also to remove and keep removed from the premises owned or occupied by them any and all refuse, offal, garbage, dead animal matter, decaying vegetable matter, organic waste substance of any kind or accumulation of ashes or other substance, and to put and keep the same in good sanitary condition at all times.
Rcsolved, That the violation of any of the provisions of this ordinance shall subject the offending party to a penalty of $10, and that the health officer of said city be charged with the duty of enforcing this ordinance, of cleaning and disinfecting all unsanitary premises at the expense of said owner or occupant and of enforcing the foregoing penalty with costs.
Attorney W. L. Loops came before the board representing parties with a plan to remove garbage from the city on contracts, provided a sufficient number of contracts can be secured. His plan was to contract to collect garbage from the business portion of the city each day and from the resident portion two times each week. The board was assured that very low rates could be made for taking care of the waste material of the city if a large number of contracts were forthcoming. The proposition was listened to with marked interest by the board, and it is believed by the members that this will solve the garbage question in Cortland.
Mr. Loope declines to state who is back of the movement, but gives assurance that the parties interested will take hold of the matter if supported by the people and give them a good service at a lower rate than has formerly been charged in Cortland. The garbage question will be dealt with scientifically in Cortland, he says, if the people wish a good service. The board requested Mr. Loope to come before it at the regular meeting next Friday night with formulated plans in regard to the matter.
Died In Massachusetts.
Mrs. James E. Joiner, formerly of Cortland, died yesterday at Holyoke, Mass., where she had been living for about two years past. She had had an operation a few days before and was thought to be getting along well, but a change came with fatal result. Mrs. Joiner was formerly one of the proprietors of Joiners' Business college of Cortland. Mr. Joiner was in Columbus, O, at the time of his wife's death. She is survived by the husband and one little son. No farther particulars are known here, but it seems likely that the burial will be in her old home in Moravia, N. Y.
DOG POUND IS NO MORE
And Dogs Now Wander at Large With Perfect Freedom.
A lady telephoned Mayor Brown yesterday afternoon from Homer stating that she had lost her Newfoundland dog and that she thought it might possibly have gotten into the Cortland dog pound. She was quickly informed by the mayor that the dog pound was a forgotten place in Cortland since the dog catcher took the Auburn trip, and that there was no more probability of finding a Newfoundland dog in the pound than there was of finding hens with teeth. It is not known whether the lady has found the animal yet, but it is known that she quickly gave up the pound proposition.
BREVITIES.
—We publish in another column a timely poem on mosquitoes which will doubtless appeal with particular force to some of our readers.
—The annual basket picnic of the Presbyterian church society and Sunday-school occurs at the park tomorrow. Cars will leave the church at 10 A. M.
—New display advertisements today are—A. S. Burgess, Clothing and shoes, page 8; City Steam laundry, Laundry work, page 5; M. A. Case, Shirt waists, page 6; C. F. Brown, Ice cream soda, page 8; Warren, Tanner & Co., Drygoods, page 8.
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