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| Leon Czolgosz. |
Cortland Evening Standard, Wednesday, Sept. 25, 1901.
CZOLGOSZ IS FOUND GUILTY OF MURDER.
Death Sentence Will Be Pronounced on Prisoner on Thursday Afternoon.
JURY OUT THIRTY MINUTES.
Trial of Assassin Consumed Eight Hours and Twenty-Six Minutes.
Will Probably Be Electrocuted in About Four Weeks—Verdict Had No Apparent Effect Upon the Prisoner, Who Still Maintains His Sullen and Defiant Demeanor—Address to Jury of Both Prosecution and Defense Were Short and the Two Lawyers Ended Their Speeches In Tears—Judge White Presented the Case to the Jury in a Fair and Impartial Manner and Then Dismissed Them.
BUFFALO, Sept. 25.—Leon F. Czolgosz, alias Fred Nieman, was yesterday found guilty of murder in the first degree by a jury in Part III of the Supreme Court, in having on the sixth day of September shot President William McKinley, the wounds inflicted by such gunshots afterwards resulting in the death of the President.
The wheels of justice moved swiftly. The trial of the assassin consumed eight hours and twenty-six minutes and covered a period of only two days. Practically all of this time was occupied by the prosecution in presenting a case so clear, so conclusive that even had the prisoner entered the plea of insanity, it is doubtful if the jury would have returned a verdict different from the one rendered yesterday.
The announcement made yesterday afternoon by the attorneys for Czolgosz, that the eminent alienist summoned by the Erie County Bar Association and by the District Attorney to examine Czolgosz and to determine his exact mental condition, had declared him to be perfectly sane, destroyed the only vestige of a defense that Judges Lewis and Titus could have put together.
Before adjournment Justice White announced that he would pronounce sentence upon the defendant on Thursday afternoon at 2 o'clock. Czolgosz was immediately taken through the tunnel under Delaware Avenue back to the jail. To all appearances he was in no way affected by the result of the trial.
The crowd which gathered at the City Hall yesterday was the largest which has seen him since his arrest. People were lined up on both sides of the big rotunda on the second floor, where court convened, and fringed the stairs leading from the floor above. There was no demonstration, except that of curiosity. A large number of women witnessed today's proceedings.
At 2:44 yesterday afternoon District Attorney Penney abruptly announced that the case of the prosecution was ended.
EMMA GOLDMAN FREE.
Not Enough Evidence to Hold the Notorious Woman Anarchist.
CHICAGO, Sept. 25.—Emma Goldman, the anarchist lecturer, is now a free woman after two weeks' incarceration following the assassination of the President.
Attorney Owens, for the city, informed Magistrate Prindiville that the upper court had freed the men named as Miss Goldman's co-conspirators, and that there was no evidence against her.
In company with Mrs. Abram Isaak, wife of the anarchist editor, and Marie Isaak, the latter's daughter, Miss Goldman entered a carriage with a uniformed coachman on the box and was driven to the Isaak home.
CONCERNING TRUSTS.
Mr. A. J. Murray Before the Cortland Science Club Saturday Night.
Mr. A. J. Murray in his talk before the Cortland Science club last Saturday night gave a very clear and masterly exposition of the trust problem.
As a preliminary, Mr. Murray called attention to the great prosperity of the country, comparing its condition, within his own observation with that of any time during the past twenty years, especially on the great lakes. The small wooden vessels with indifferent business are supplanted by fleets of large steel steamships carrying iron ore, copper, coal, wheat, corn and manufactured products. Industries have sprung up whose magnitude would astonish the citizens of fifty years ago. The speaker asked, "what makes prosperity?" and answered it by the one word, "confidence." Men engage in large business enterprises because confident that the demand for their products will continue. It often happens that, attracted by high prices, too many enter the same lines of manufacturing, competition results which means death to some of the factories unless some remedy is found. The remedy now being tried is combination, which has for its main idea the control of prices, not necessarily higher prices, for it was shown that by eliminating certain factors lower prices and larger profits may result.
Manufacturers frequently say that the chief difficulty to be overcome in business is that of securing a market rather than that of manufacturing.
Some of the wastes of competition are numerous and high-salaried agents with their traveling expenses; the cost of advertising; giving prizes; paying cross freights; carrying long credits, etc.
Some of the advantages of combination are: saving the various wastes of competition; buying to better advantage, as taking the entire output of a mine; selling to better advantage as they are enabled to manufacture all varieties of a certain product and to keep them on hand in such quantities as to fill any order; to fix stable prices, to command the most skillful manager; to regulate credits and discounts. Historically considered combinations have existed many centuries among tradesmen in order to regular [sic] prices, but industrial combinations are an American idea.
How trusts are formed was the next topic. There are three prime factors in forming a trust: 1. Undue competition. 2. Money seeking investment. 3. The promoter. The promoter who is usually accompanied by a financier visits each plant under consideration, shows the officers the advantages of combination, gets an option on their properties to be paid for in stocks and bonds of the new corporation and perhaps some cash. If all is favorable so that a large percentage of the product can be controlled, the deal is completed and a new factor of industry has to be contended with.
There are good trusts and bad trusts, but because a combination is great it is not necessarily bad. The great menace to the public is when they become monopolies, controlling a patent, having a monopoly of some natural product, or may be of created privileges. In Mr. Murray's experience of four years in dealing with the Standard Oil Co., and the United State Steel corporation, which furnish most of the materials for his business, he finds them good business dealers, reliable, honorable and ready to make right any errors that may occur.
How to regulate the evil features of the so called trusts has attracted the attention of our best thinkers. The United States Industrial commission recommends, appropriate legislation, federal supervision, full reports of business verified by an auditor, regulation of maximum charges, graduated state and national taxation act. The problem is new. It has its good and evil features, but it is safe to say that the good will be maintained, the evil regulated.
THE RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED
At the Republican County Convention on Tuesday Afternoon.
The following are the resolutions submitted to the Republican county convention on Tuesday afternoon by the committee consisting of Hon. Jas. H. Tripp of Marathon, Hon. F. P. Saunders of Cortland, F. A. Crosley of Scott, Frank L. Hilton of Truxton and Jason Crandall of Cuyler, and which were unanimously adopted by the convention:
WHEREAS, At a time of general rejoicing over the great and wide-spread prosperity of our country, and at a time when every American government of the western hemisphere had gathered to exhibit and present for friendly competition their products and their handiwork, and at a time when the chief magistrate of our beloved republic was giving encouragement to an enterprise that was intended to bring the Pan-American states into more friendly and more extended commercial relations, and at a time when he was extending a friendly hand and a cordial greeting to all who came within his reach; an assassin in return for the proffered friendship of the president from a concealed weapon deliberately fired a shot which cost him his life, and has brought sadness and gloom to every loyal heart and every loyal home in this our land and nation. And
WHEREAS, The only reason that the assassin has given for his dastardly and murderous deed; was "that he was an anarchist," and "that he had simply done his duty." Therefore be it
Resolved, That we, the representatives of the Republican party of Cortland county in convention assembled, do hereby express our sincere regret and our heartfelt sorrow, not only for our own loss, but for the loss which the nation and the whole civilized world has sustained in the tragic death of our beloved and honored president.
Resolved, That we recognize in William McKinley all the elements of true American manhood and by that in his life and character are exemplified the traits of one of nature's true noblemen; that as a citizen he was true and loyal, as a soldier he was brave and unflinching, as a legislator he was honest and conscientious, and as chief executive he was wise, discreet, conservative, and patriotic; that by his wisdom, his discretion and his patriotism he so directed the affairs of state as to win the confidence of his countrymen and to place our government in a more exalted position than it had ever before occupied and to bring to our people a degree of prosperity that is without a parallel in the annals of human history.
Resolved, That in this her hour of affliction and of grief we extend to the invalid and heart-broken companion, Mrs. McKinley, our sincerest sympathy and our highest regard, and we tenderly commend her to the compassion of sympathizing people, and to the love and mercy of him that tempereth the wind to the shorn lamb.
Resolved, That we, as Republicans and citizens, demand that every form and species of anarchy must be exterminated from our land; that we demand of our senators and members of congress and the members of our state legislature that such laws be enacted and placed on the statute books of the state and nation as will enable our courts to legally impose adequate punishment upon every person guilty of uttering, proclaiming or publishing, anarchistic doctrines, to the end that anarchy, now odious may be blotted out, and that anarchists may be no longer permitted to place a foot upon America's sacred soil.
Resolved, That we hereby express our confidence in the ability, loyalty and patriotism of Theodore Roosevelt, now president of the United States, and we also tender to him our cordial and hearty support in his efforts to faithfully discharge his duty as chief magistrate and to carry out the wise policy inaugurated by his lamented predecessor. Signed, JAS. H. TRIPP, FRANKLIN P. SAUNDERS, F. A. CROSBY, FRANK L. HILTON, J. E. CRANDALL.
The following were the resolutions introduced by Thomas H. Dowd and unanimously adopted:
The Republican party of the county of Cortland, in convention assembled, recognizes the eminent abilities, faithful service, and unquestioned fidelity which have marked and emphasized the judicial records of the Hon. Gerrit A. Forbes and the Hon. Charles E. Parker, justices of the supreme court, whose terms of office are soon to expire, therefore,
We do hereby urge and instruct the delegate chosen by this convention, to represent the Republican party of this county at the Republican judicial convention of the Sixth Judicial district, soon to be held, to use every honorable means and effort to secure the re-nomination of those gentlemen for the offices of justices of the supreme court, to succeed themselves.
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| Dexter House, Main Street, Cortland, N. Y. |
AT THE DEXTER HOUSE.
Changes and Improvements—New Furniture and Steam Throughout.
The changes and improvements which have been in progress at the Dexter House since the new proprietors, Messrs. F. E. Mabie & Son, took possession last April have quite transformed that well known hotel and have added not only to its attractiveness within and its appearance without, but have made the house more convenient for the transaction of business and the rooms more comfortable for the guests who make the house their temporary home.
New paper and paint throughout make halls and rooms more cheerful; new furniture has been placed in every room; a complete system of electric bells has been put in; and under the direction of W. N. Tobin of Syracuse a system of steam heating has been instituted throughout the building. Furniture and fixtures are new from top to bottom and the outside appearance has been changed by a new coat of paint neatly pencilled.
Along with the other improvements the diningroom and kitchen have come in for a full share of attention. New tables have increased the seating capacity of the diningroom and a handsome new sideboard has also been added.
Trade, both local and transient, is continually increasing and Messrs. Mabie & Son are endeavoring to make both house and service satisfactory to guests and patrons.
BALDWIN'S NEW STORE HOUSE.
Building 30 by 80 Feet Near Lehigh Track on Port Watson-st.
Mr. E. H. Baldwin dealer in all kinds of farm produce, flour, feed.etc., is building near the Lehigh Valley tracks on Port Watson-st., a large storehouse to meet the demands of his increasing business. The new building is 30 by 80 feet in size and two stories high. Since Mr. Baldwin sold out his coal business early last summer he has been giving more attention to the produce trade and is preparing to handle all kinds of farm produce and also to keep in stock a full line of flour and feed, and in fact nearly everything to meet the demands of the farmers, except coal. The Lehigh Valley company has put in a new switch which runs close to the building along its entire length so that cars can be loaded and unloaded easily. Work on the building is being pushed forward rapidly and it will soon be completed.
CHANGE AT THE GREEK STORE.
Thomas Vombel Of Buffalo to Succeed Peter Zaharis.
Peter Zaharis, who for the past three years has conducted the business at 17 Main-st., under the name of the Palace Confectionery Co., has sold the business to Thomas Vombel of Buffalo. The purchase price is $4,000. Mr. Vombel has taken possession and will continue the business as heretofore and will retain for the present the services of his present assistants, Messrs. Spiro and James Conomakis.
Mr. Zaharis and John Chacona, who started the business in Cortland and who has established stores in various cities, are negotiating for the Ryan stores in Syracuse. Mr. Zaharis went to Syracuse last night to meet Mr. Chacona. If they do not succeed in closing the deal with the Ryans in Syracuse they have in mind opening a new store in Utica. Mr. Zaharis has built up a large business in Cortland, and is looking for a larger field.
AT THE PICKLING FACTORY.
Twenty Tons of Sauer Kraut Per Day—How the Work is Done.
The Cortland Pickling company is turning cabbage into sauer kraut at the rate of about twenty tons per day at its factory on Railroad-st. Cabbage of the finest quality is being used and the latest and best machinery and most approved methods employed in the manufacture. The process is simple and yet is an interesting one. The cabbages are unloaded into the large store room and taken first to the cutting machine, where they are trimmed and cut in halves ready for the machine. Two men are kept busy feeding the cutting machine which is run by an electric motor and has a capacity of from twenty to thirty tons per day.
From the machine an elevator carries the cut or shredded cabbage to the large vats or tanks where it is packed and allowed to stand for about ten days until the process of fermentation is completed. There will be ten of these vats when all are completed. They are built of cypress and are 12 feet high and 10 feet in diameter and hold about thirty tons or 250 barrels each.
After the kraut has stood for ten days in the vats it is taken out and packed in barrels for shipment. Three sizes of barrels will be used; the regular size, 31 1/2 gallons, a 50-gallon cask and a small keg holding about 16 gallons. These barrels are purchased in New York and Chicago and are of the best quality.
Sixteen hands are now employed and more will be required when the work of barreling is begun. As the season advances the plant will probably be run nights. The company expects to put up about 1,000 tons of sauer kraut this season.
BREVITIES.
—All roads lead to Cincinnatus today.
—Dr. E. M. Santee has some fancy poultry exhibits at the Moravia fair.
—A meeting of the L. O. T. M. will be held tomorrow night at 7:20 o'clock sharp.
—The Cortland City band of seventeen pieces went to Cincinnatus this morning to furnish music for the fair and tournament.
—New display advertisements today are—C. F. Thompson, Oysters and clams, page 5: Yager & Crandall, Millinery opening, page 8.
—There will be a regular meeting of Teendese Tribe, No. 415, this evening, Sept. 25, and all members are requested to be present.
—Round trip excursion tickets on both Homer and McGraw lines will be discontinued by the Traction company for this season after today.
—The large new plate glass windows were placed in position in A. S. Burgess' new store front yesterday, and make a very fine appearance.
—Richard Decker was arrested last night for public intoxication and in city court this morning was sentenced to thirty days in the county jail.
—The street force under the direction of Superintendent Becker is making needed improvements in Railroad-st. from Pendleton-st. to the Lehigh Valley tracks.
—Mr. and Mrs. G. F. Dann very pleasantly entertained a small company of friends on Tuesday evening in honor of their guests, Mr. and Mrs. Dwight Webster of Chicago, Ill. Mr. Webster gave a pleasant hour with his gramophone, every one present deciding Chicago selection to be very fine.
—Mr. John J. Antes, aged 83 years, died Monday night at the home of his daughter, Mrs. W. R. Austin, 184 Port Watson-st. Brief funeral services were held at the house at 9 o'clock this morning and the remains were taken on the 9:48 train to North Syracuse where the funeral was held at 12 o'clock today.
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