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| President Theodore Roosevelt. |
Cortland Evening Standard, Thursday, May 14, 1903.
IS AN EXPANSIONIST.
President Made an Important Speech In San Francisco.
PEACEFUL CONTROL OF PACIFIC.
Spoke of Cables Being Laid and Steamship Lines Starting—Isthmian Canal Under Our Own Control. Necessity of Having a Strong Navy. Peace Comes With Strength.
San Francisco, May 14.—President Roosevelt arose early and at 9 o'clock left the Palace hotel, escorted by a squadron of cavalry. The streets were lined with people who cheered as the president's carriage passed on the way to Native Sons' hall, where a reception in the president's honor was held.
The hall itself was crowded with members of the California Society of Pioneers, the Native Sons of the Golden West, the Native Daughters and the veterans of the Mexican War. After several welcoming speeches had been made, James D. Phelan presented the president a souvenir of the occasion, the work of a native sculptor representing a bear hunt, reproduced in gold.
The presidential party then proceeded to Van Ness avenue, where thousands of school children had assembled. The pupils of the many schools carried banners, beautifully worked in silks and other fine fabrics. Others were headed by drummer boys. Each child had a flag which was waved as the president passed.
An incident of the ride was the presentation to the president of a photograph by a little Chinese girl, who was lifted up so that he could shake her hand.
Inspected Military Review.
After the review of the children, the president drove through the city and had a glance at the buildings, the barracks of the different troops and the new fortifications. He continued the drive along the road and finally reached the golf links, on which a military review was held with General MacArthur in command.
The presidential party was then escorted through Golden Gate park to the Cliff house, where luncheon was had with the members of the executive committee, Governor Pardee, Admiral Bickford and other invited guests. The return was through the park. The party halted at the Baker street entrance, where a large crowd was in waiting to watch the president turn his shovelful of earth for the McKinley monument.
At the Mechanics pavilion the president made the most important speech he has delivered since he left St. Louis.
His subject "Expansion and Trade Development and Protection of the Country's Newly Acquired Possessions in the Pacific," together with the advocacy of a greater navy, was one that made his discourse of particular interest to the Californians, and he aroused his auditors to a high pitch of enthusiasm.
It was a mighty gathering that listened to the president. The doors of the pavilion were thrown open to the public at an early hour and thousands of citizens thronged the building long before the time scheduled for the arrival of the presidential party.
M. H. De Young, president of the citizens' reception committee, opened the meeting and Mayor Schmitz formally introduced the president to the people of San Francisco.
The president said in part:
"Before I saw the Pacific slope I was an expansionist, and after having seen it I fail to understand how any man confident of his country's greatness and glad that his country should challenge with proud confidence our mighty future, can be anything but an expansionist.
"America's geographical position on the Pacific is such as to insure our peaceful domination of its waters in the future, if only we grasp with sufficient resolution the advantages of this position.
Cables and Steamship Lines.
"We are taking long strides in this direction; witness the cables we are laying and the great steamship lines we are starting. We have taken the first step toward digging an Isthmian canal, to be under our own control, a canal which will make our Atlantic and Pacific coast lines, to all intent and purposes, continuous and will add immensely alike to our commercial and our military and naval strength.
"The inevitable march of events gave us control of the Philippines at a time so opportune that it may, without irreverence, be held providential. Unless we show ourselves weak, unless we show ourselves degenerate sons of the sires from whose loins we sprang, we must go on with the work that we have begun.
"I earnestly hope that this work will always be peaceful in character. We infinitely desire peace, and the surest way to obtain it is to show that we are not afraid of war. We should deal in a spirit of fairness and justice with all weaker nations; we should show to the strongest that we are able to maintain our rights. Such showing cannot be made by bluster, for bluster merely invites contempt. Let us speak courteously, deal fairly and keep ourselves armed and ready. If we do these things we can count on the peace that comes only to the just man armed, to the just man who neither fears nor inflicts wrongs."
NEGROES MAY COME IN.
Alabama Republicans Rescind Action of Last September.
Birmingham, Ala., May 14.—The state Republican executive committee met here yesterday, pursuant to call by Chairman Wellman, and resolutions were adopted practically nullifying the action taken at the state convention held last September, when it was decided practically that no negroes could participate in the councils of the party in the state. The resolutions provide that all qualified electors, under the state constitution, who will promise to support the Republican ticket and will abide by the party bidding will be allowed to participate in all conventions. There are several thousand colored qualified voters in Alabama.
This decision has been desired by the Roosevelt administration and was the cause of much bitter contention in this state. A resolution was adopted indorsing President Roosevelt's administration. Twenty-seven of the committee were present in person and some by proxy. It was believed that an effort would be made to have President Roosevelt indorsed for the nomination of president next year, but a strenuous fight was avoided. More than one hundred leading Republicans from every district in the state were here yesterday.
THE EIGHT HOUR LAW.
Attorney General Says It Is Still In Force
IN STATE AND MUNICIPAL WORK.
Says Decision of Court of Appeals Declaring Provision of Penal Code Unconstitutional Applies Only to a Particular Statute—Provisions of Labor Law Are Still Binding.
Albany, N. Y., May 14.—Attorney General Cunneen has announced his opinion that the recent decision of the court of appeals, hitherto regarded as nullifying the eight-hour provision of the penal code with reference to labor on state and municipal contracts, in no way lessens the duty of state officers to make contracts for state work subject to the eight-hour restriction.
He gave out the following letter of the subject which makes his interpretation clear. It is addressed to William P. Spratłing, M. D., superintendent [of] Craig Colony, Sonyea, N. Y., and in it Mr. Cunneen says:
"The recent decision of the court of appeals pronouncing unconstitutional that provision of the penal code which declared it a misdemeanor for any person contracting with the state or municipal corporation to require more than eight hours work for a day's labor, applies only to the particular statute declaring such action a crime.
"The decision does not lessen in any degree the duty of officials making contracts in behalf of the state to re quire the stipulations specified in section 3 of the labor law, that no laborer, workman or mechanic shall be permitted or required to work more than eight hours a day, and that the contract shall be void if such requirements are not complied with; nor is a contractor who has entered into a contract with the state containing the aforesaid stipulations in any degree released from the obligation of his contract.
"Replying to your question, as to the rights of laborers employed by the colony directly, I am of the opinion that in cases of direct employment more than eight hours per day cannot be lawfully required or permitted, except in cases of employees engaged in farm or domestic service."
PAGE FOUR—EDITORIAL.
Lifeblood Ebbing Away.
It is stated that 75 per cent of the increasing number of Irish immigrants now arriving in the United States are women, and 60 per cent of these are between the ages of seventeen and twenty-fire. We can well afford to welcome these desirable accessions to our population, but it is a sad thing for Ireland when the colleens, though dearly loving her, desert her in shiploads. The girl of twenty strong and healthful enough to emigrate to a distant country is in any land the potential mother of the next generation, and she of all persons in the population can least be spared.
Recent parliamentary reports have told in detailed figures the poignant story of the depopulation of Ireland in the nineteenth century. In that period the population was reduced one-half. It is still dwindling rapidly. It decreased 5.23 per cent in the ten years from 1891 to 1901. Is the twentieth century to complete the direful work of the nineteenth?
The work of depopulation in Ireland was wrought primarily by English legislation for the island, which to a great extent deprived it of its manufacturing industries and then impoverished its agriculture. In the pending land purchase bill England proposes to make amends, but if such amends are to be made effectively they must be made quickly. In the departure in unprecedented numbers of its young women the very lifeblood of the nation is ebbing away.
◘ King Edward was received in Paris with characteristic French enthusiasm, which induces the hope that France has at last obeyed the injunction of Punch to "forget Fashoda and the shock of Waterloo." It is the first time that an English sovereign has visited a French ruler since Queen Victoria and the prince consort were the guests of Napoleon III at the close of the Crimean war. While no such thing as a formal alliance is considered likely, it is evident from the reception given to Edward by the Parisians that the feeling in France toward the English is much more cordial than during the Boer war.
Thirty Days in Jail.
John Dugan, a tin smith by occupation, was arrested on South Main-st. yesterday by Cortland Chief of Police Barnes for being intoxicated and creating a disturbance in a public place. Dugan was disinclined to go with the officer and the chief was compelled to use force. Before Judge Dougherty, in police court this morning, he pleaded guilty to the charges preferred against him, and was given thirty days in county jail.
Goddard Block Begun.
A. J. Goddard has a number of men and teams at work removing the debris, and excavating for the walls and cellar for his new block on Railroad-st., Cortland. He thinks it will take three weeks for the excavating. The masons will begin work as soon as the work now on hand is completed. Mr. Goddard has not let the contract yet, but will do so next week.
THE WOMEN'S AUXILIARY
Held its Largest Meeting at the Home of Mrs. G. J. Mager.
The Women's Auxiliary of the Y. M. C. A. held its monthly meeting at the home of Mrs. G. J. Mager on Tuesday afternoon. Thirty-four members were present, which is the largest attendance in the history of the auxiliary.
The membership committee reported thirty-one new members, which was a decidedly gratifying report. It is encouraging to those who are interested in this work, to see so many who are willing to assist in making this organization one of the most active in the city
At the close of the business session, refreshments were served by Mrs. Mager and a social hour enjoyed.
The June meeting will be held on Tuesday afternoon, June 9, at the home of Mrs. F. M. Ingersoll, 82 Railroad-st.
Fortnightly Club.
The Fortnightly club met yesterday with Miss Cornelia L. Brown, 15 Reynolds-ave., Cortland. The subject of the day was "German Gothic Architecture." Mrs. Edward D. Blodgett gave a talk upon "Cologne Cathedral as viewed from the Rhine, and Strasburg and its clock;" Mrs. W. R. Cole spoke upon "Wood carving;" Mrs. Edward Stilson told of the "Legends of St. Ursula and St. Elizabeth," and Miss Cornelia L. Brown presented the current topic, which was upon the "National games."
The next meeting will be held May 27 at the home of Mrs. J. G. Jarvis on Clinton-ave.
Haymakers to Parade.
The annual dance of Victor Hayloft, 357 1/2, will be held in Red Men's hall tomorrow night. It will be preceded by the annual parade of the order which will occur through the principal streets at 7:30 o'clock, the line being headed by the Cortland City band. Special pains have been taken this year to procure costumes of a peculiarly striking character and plenty of fun is anticipated.
Death of Mrs. Ives.
Mrs. Frederick Ives died at her home at the corner of North Main-st. and Clinton-ave., at 2 o'clock yesterday afternoon. She had been in failing health for a number of months and the end was not unexpected.
Mrs. Ives was born in Homer, N. Y., April 1, 1814, and her maiden name was Philura Collins. On Oct. 3, 1835, she was married to Frederick Ives, who died June 30, 1890. Except for three years spent in Madison county her home was always in Homer and Cortland. For more than forty years she has lived upon the corner which has become so thoroughly identified with and associated with the family. Four daughters were born to them, two of whom died in infancy. The others are Miss Ursula A. Ives and Mrs. Julius A. Graham. One brother also survives, Chester Collins, of Homer. Mrs. Ives early united with the Congregational church of Homer, but in 1856 brought her letter to the Presbyterian church of Cortland of which she has since been a loyal member.
The funeral will be held at the house Friday afternoon at 4 o'clock.
SCIENTIFIC OBSERVERS DEFENDED
In Their Study of Birds and the Habits of Bird Life.
To the Editor of The Standard:
Sir—The article in The Standard protesting against robbing birds' nests even in behalf of science is hardly worthy of notice, yet I would say that if Mr. Phelps had known more of birds he would never have written the article be did. If he had kept a field book from year to year upon migration, relative abundance of the various species, etc., he would have known that many of our most valuable birds have increased instead of diminished in numbers. He would know, too, that there are several causes which have their effect upon bird life and, while the advent of civilization has decreased the number of certain species, it has increased the number of others.
My fellow member in the Science club, Dr. H. C. Hendrick—and as true a lover of nature as ever lived in the county—tells me that he remembers when the Baltimore oriole (Icterus gelbula) first made its appearance here. This bird has increased in numbers since I began the study of birds and is now one of our most abundant song birds.
The two species of cuckoos (Coccyzus Americanus and C. Erythrophthalmus) have also increased.
Our fondly cherished bluebird (Sialia sialis) which was nearly exterminated in the winter of 1894-95 by the extreme cold in the South has since that time steadily increased until it is now here again in about its old-time numbers.
If Mr. Phelps had been a close observer he would have known that the prairie horned lark (Otocoris alpestris praticola), which he chooses to call shore lark, is a bird of recent years in this locality.
I wonder if Mr. Phelps could tell which of the seventy species of hawks and owls in the United States are beneficial to the agriculturist and I wonder if he is aware that only seven of the number are positively harmful from an economic stand point? If he knows this, he may be aware of the fact that it was almost to a man scientific collectors that made it possible for the department of agriculture to issue the bulletin upon the hawk and also the other bulletins which have been published by the government upon bird life in the interest of the farmers.
Mr. Phelps was very fortunate in discovering three nests of the humming birds, but if he did not determine the length of time required by the female to incubate the eggs and the length of time the young remained in the nest and see the mother bird feed those "dear little birds" by the process of regurgitation and observe the action of the male bird during the time, he missed a golden opportunity.
I have no doubt that I have spent days to Mr. Phelps' hours in observing living birds and the following is the letter I received from W. W. Cooke, one of the leading ornithologists of America, who is upon the Biological Survey, U. S. Department of Agriculture, sent me upon receipt of my report last Spring:
Washington, D. C., June 16, 1902.
Mr. H. C. Higgins, Cincinnatus, N. Y.
Dear Sir—Please accept thanks for your excellent report on the migration of birds this spring. It shows that you have devoted much time and careful conscientious work in your observation and we are correspondingly grateful.
Yours truly, M. M. Cooks.
In conclusion let me say to all, study living birds but do not condemn the scientific collectors for they make it possible for you to know many things you will never be able to find out without their aid.
H. C. Higgins.
BREVITIES.
—Physical Director C. H. Kimble of the Y. M. C. A. is today moving to 23 North Church-st.
—Bishop Huntington will be at Grace Episcopal church tomorrow afternoon at 3 o'clock to administer the apostolic rite of confirmation.
—The new display advertisements today are—The New York Store, Special for Friday and Saturday, page 4; W. W. Bennett, Refrigerators, page 6; G. H. Wiltsie, Dry goods, page 5; Bingham & Miller, straw hats, page 8; Mrs. Everts, Mid-Summer millinery, page 5.
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