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| William Rufus Day. |
Cortland Evening Standard, Tuesday, November 1, 1898.
HOLD THE PHILIPPINES.
That Is What the United States Is Going to Do.
SPAIN HAS BEEN SO ADVISED.
The United States Will Reimburse Spain to the Extent of Her "Pacific Expenditures" Made In the Archipelago—What Can Be Classed as "Pacific Expenditures."
PARIS, Nov. 1.—When the joint peace commissioners met, Secretary Moore, upon the request of Judge Day, passed to Mr. Ferguson, the interpreter, the formulated demands of the United States regarding the Philippines which were read to the Spaniards in their own tongue by a rapid rendering from the English in which they were written. Although the Spanish commissioners did betray anxiety their attention to the reading was keen. They had anticipated that the United States would take over the islands; but the terms and details of the transfer had all along been a subject of speculation.
The reading disclosed the fact that the United States government had determined to possess for itself certain territory and parcels of land bounded by and lying within such parallels of latitude and longitude as mark the limits of the Philippine archipelago. The United States do not purpose assuming the Philippine debt of $40,000,000, but they are willing to be responsible to Spain for a sum of money equal to the actual expenditures by Spain in the Philippines for the advantage of the islands and for the good of their people, for permanent betterments and for improvements both physical and mental.
The reading of the presentment specifies that the United States will reimburse Spain to the extent of her "pacific expenditures" made in the archipelago. This phrase "pacific expenditures" is employed to differentiate the expenditures by Spain in combating insurrections in the Philippines. The one is felt by the American commissioners to be a fair burden upon the acquiring power while the other and latter class of expenditure is held to have been logically assumed by Spain as the inevitable hazard to a nation resorting to arms to enforce order in its own territory.
Such is the determination, and therefore, the vital portion of the presentment made by the American commissioners, and it is to be observed that while the main portion as to possession and financial responsibility is clear and definite, many details have been left to the developments of the discussion between the two commissions. Thus, while the Spaniards are quite certain that the United States intend to reimburse them for "pacific expenditures" they remark that they are not enlightened as to whether the Americans expect to endorse the Spanish obligations to the extent of "pacific expenditures" in the archipelago or whether they will hand Spain a lump sum of gold large enough to cover Spain's outlay so designated.
Possibly the American commissioners themselves are not at this moment fully determined on this point. It is unlikely, however, that the Americans will care to become identified in the slightest degree with Spain in her responsibility to her creditors. The clearer method seems to be to hand Spain spot cash, or something as good and to bid her apply it to her debts by whatever name known, or to put it in her wallet for whatever use she may elect.
While the United States have designated "pacific expenditures" as those they will reimburse to Spain the presentment of the American commissioners did not demand either a schedule of an inventory of the same from the Spaniards. But the suggestion naturally raises an inquiry as to the kind and quantity of Spain's "pacific expenditures" in the Philippines, and some light may be given on that matter now.
There is considerable traffic between the islands and some time ago a system of lighthouses became necessary. Spain set out to supply this and projected 48 light stations. Of these she has already constructed 17 and of the first class and 16 of the second. What they cost is not known here, but in American waters those of the first class cost from $25,000 to $250,000 each; so that, on an average basis of the minimum cost in the United States. Spain's 33 lighthouses may represent an outlay of $825,000.
Spain has constructed breakwaters at Manila at an expense not yet known here, and wharves of small value along the Pasig river.
She has recently built barracks for 4,000 men, now occupied by American troops, the cost of which is not yet ascertained.
At Cavite Spain had built a naval station which before it was sacked by the natives, said to be equal to the Mare island station and may then have been worth $2,500,000. Whether or not the last two items can be strictly designated "pacific expenditures" must be determined in conference; but the lighthouse, water improvements, barracks and naval station are necessary to the United States, as the owner of the Philippines and are deemed worth a fair price.
Spain has also built some schoolhouses, which the Americans are willing to take over at cost.
The Spanish commissioners listened attentively, though not without some evidence of impatience and surprise at the financial suggestions in the American presentment, and finally asked until Friday to consult the Madrid government and make reply. Adjournment was then taken to that day.
After the conference dissolved, the Spanish commissioners expressed the opinion that the American demands would create in Spain as they had upon her commissioners an exceedingly grave impression. Were the Spanish commissioners pushed to a final determination they would reject the American demands; but the changing tone of the Spanish press recently urges the consummation of a treaty of peace however rigorous, the argument being that, although the Spaniards bow to the American demands, the commissioners do not acknowledge the justice or admit the legality of them.
The Spanish commissioners feel that the United States to all intents and purposes have not offered any financial inducement to Spain to cede by treaty any part of the Philippines. Had the American commissioners even offered to take over the entire Philippine debt of $40,000,000, the Spaniards affect to feel that it would have been as nothing and regard this proposition as so meager as not to warrant even a schedule of Spain's "pacific expenditures" in the archipelago.
Madrid People Object.
MADRID, Nov. 1.—The news that the Spanish peace commissioners at Paris had referred to the government a formal demand of the American commissioners for the absolute cession of the entire Philippine group has caused the greatest surprise in Madrid. The strongest feeling prevails that the government should protest energetically against what is regarded as a violation of the spirit of the protocol.
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| Infanta Maria Teresa. |
MILITARY NOTES.
Brief Telegrams Relating to Our Conflict With Spain.
In answer to an inquiry from our commissioners regarding recent transfers of state property to religious orders, Secretary Giranta of the military commission delivered to Colonel Clous, the judge advocate of the American commission, a note explaining that the transfers referred were made prior to the signing of the peace protocol, adding that the negotiations in many instances dated to the year 1852.
Major Almy and Captain Page have returned to Havana from Cienfuegos. They report the sanitary conditions there are bad, especially at the quarters and camp occupied by the Spanish soldiers. The American officers advise that these places be burned down, as they are infected with yellow fever and other disease germs have been found.
The Maria Teresa, which up to this time is the only one of Admiral Cervera's sunken war vessels to be floated, has sailed from Caimanera for Hampton Roads under command of Captain Harris, who was detached from the command of the Vulcan for that purpose. The vessel is accompanied by the Vulcan and Leonidas.
The war investigation commission visited the hospitals at Camp Poland, Knoxville, Tenn., and examined closely into the provisions made for caring for the sick and the methods of treatment adopted. They will next inspect the troops.
The Spanish mall steamer Porto Rico sailed from Cienfuegos for Spain carrying 1,000 Spanish troops. About 25,000 are expected to embark from that place.
PAGE TWO—EDITORIALS.
We Demand the Philippines.
The final, and perhaps the most important, stage in the negotiations at Paris between the Spanish and American peace commissioners was reached yesterday. Previously Spain had agreed to surrender Porto Rico and Guam in the Ladrones, to the United States, and to give up Cuba without the condition that the United States should assume or guarantee the entire debt charged up against the island prior to the beginning of the last revolution. The Spanish commissioners, however, intimated that the agreement relative to the Cuban debt might not be considered binding by them in case there was subsequently a disagreement relative to the Philippines.
At a joint session of the commission yesterday afternoon, the American representatives, acting under instructions from Washington, presented written expression of the purpose of the United States to take the entire Philippine group and to assume such portion of its debt as has been spent for the benefit of the islands or their inhabitants, in public works, improvements and permanent betterments. It was set forth distinctly that no part of the debt would be assumed which had been incurred through Spanish military and naval operations to quell native insurrections. The Spanish commissioners are given until Friday to prepare a reply.
The action of the Washington government in instructing its commissioners to demand the entire Philippine group will be approved by a large majority of the American people. When the blowing up of the Maine was followed by war with Spain, Dewey had no alternative but to proceed to Manila and engage the Spanish fleet. He did so and destroyed it. The capture of the town was then necessary. It was taken by the United States soldiers before news arrived of the signing of a peace protocol. Had the war continued the Spaniards would have been driven from the entire group. As it is, there is now only a semblance of Spanish authority in any of the islands. The United States can not abandon the islands to be fought for indefinitely by the insurgents and what troops Spain might maintain there. It can not form a responsible independent government for the entire group out of the Luzon insurgents. The leaders of the latter realize this fact and are therefore generally in favor of annexation. They know that a native government would soon be rent by civil feud, and that eventually the islands would be in a condition easily to fall a prey to some European power. Finally, the consensus of opinion in Europe itself is that great international relations would be the least endangered if the United States took permanent possession of the Philippines. It is only at home that we are told by those who seek to make party capital out of everything that tends to hamper national progress, that colonial expansion will bring all sorts of woes upon the country. They maintain for instance, that a great nation like the United States can not be successful in colonial government in the East like the little Dutch nation.
It is estimated that the total Philippine debt is about $40,000,000. A large part of this was incurred in trying to maintain Spanish sovereignty in the island. It will thus be somewhat difficult to determine exactly what part the United States is to assume, but no particular harm will be done if Spain is allowed a little more than its due.
The Spanish commissioners may decline to accept this Philippine proposition, at least until the result of the United States elections are known. And a Democratic victory might encourage them to break off negotiations entirely.
HIS LIFE IN DANGER
Unless He will Cease his Work for Humanity in San Francisco.
SAN FRANCISCO, NOV. 1.—Friendly Chinese have warned Rev. Dr. Garner, interpreter of the Chinese bureau who is making aggressive campaign against the trade in slave girls, that at a meeting of highbinders it was derided to take the doctor's life at the first opportunity if he persists in supplying the government with information detrimental to the interests of highbinders and their chattels.
The Midnight Alarm.
Live, up-to-date theatrical managers have thoroughly learned the lesson that like the vast majority of mankind, playgoers think through the eye, and that if you visually capture them you are more than likely to profitably touch their pockets as well. Among the promptest and most liberal applier of this truism Chas. H. Young is prominent as a producer of popular and successful comedy dramas, which while written with a due regard to literary and Intellectual requirements, does not attempt to soar in the profitless solitude way over the heads of the masses, and is strongly and strikingly reinforced by the pertinent introduction of novel and realistic innovations for which all classes have a pardonable weakness. "The Midnight Alarm," which comes to the Cortland Opera House Saturday evening is the best of his theatrical ventures, and promises well to hit the nail hard on the head in both directions. Sale of seats open at Rood & Co.'s Thursday at 2:30 P. M. Price 35, 50 and 75 cents.
A HALLOWEEN CAPER.
Called on Her Neighbor and Gave Her a Great Scare.
A Cortland young lady who is usually considered as up to snuff in all the capers that are going disguised herself so completely when she went out last evening for a Halloween call upon a neighbor with whom she was well acquainted that she was not recognized. Bowed over like an old lady and leaning heavily on her cane she first asked for something to eat. The lady of the house was alone in her apartments and hesitated to let her in, but the caller pushed forward in an insistent way, saying she was cold and hungry, and in she went and sat down by the fire.
Again she asked for food and the lady of the house at last decided that she must get it and started for the pantry keeping an eye back over her shoulder upon her fireside visitor. The latter at this began to sing softly, swaying a little bundle on her lap from side to side. This completed the fright of the already alarmed lady. She was sure her visitor had a baby with her which she had picked up somewhere and was absolutely crazy. She ran to the foot of the stairs and called to the lady who lived in the apartments above her and asked her to come right down. But that lady had gone to bed, as the voice of her unseen husband announced from the darkness above. Then she wanted him to come down. He said he couldn't very well, for he was almost ready to retire too. It didn't make any difference, come any way and come quickly, there was a crazy woman down stairs, was the urgent call.
He hustled on a few more articles of clothing and descended to meet—their neighbor, a very charming young woman, highly popular in the place and a general favorite. To say that they were astonished was putting it mildly. There was a hearty laugh all around. The two occupants of the house had seen their young friend in various roles before, but now they added one more character to her repertoire.
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| Keator Opera House in Barber block, Homer, N. Y. |
DEMOCRATS AT HOMER.
An Address by Hon. John B. Stanchfield of Elmira.
Hon. John B. Stanchfield of Elmira addressed a Democratic mass-meeting in Keator opera house in Homer last night for a little over an hour. While the crowd was gathering, the Homer band played at the street entrance to the hall, and a youth also shot a gun in the air several times. By this means, people were enabled to find the hall where the speaking was to take place, and when they reached the hall there was found plenty of room. About thirty Cortland Democrats were in attendance. Before the speaking began, the band, under the direction of Miss Mabel V. Adams, rendered a couple of selections very nicely, and then Attorney Edward W. Hyatt of Homer called the meeting to order and presented as chairman of the evening, Rev. J. L. Christler, pastor of the Homer Episcopal church. After briefly acknowledging the honor, Mr. Christler introduced the speaker, vice-presidents and secretaries having been chosen.
The following is the list of vice-presidents:
Scott— F. M. Hazard, George Cottrell.
Little York—Eugene Perkins, Wallace W. Salisbury, Frank Salisbury, John Gates, Maynard Gates.
East Homer—John Toomey, Edward Pierce.
Glen Haven—John H. Mourin.
Cortland—L. J. McEvoy, Thos. McEvoy, Sr.
Homer—Feron Lawrence, Samuel Andrews, Dey Cortright, Mark Cortright, W. H. Devoe, David Hammon, Cornelius Murphy, Ralph Butler, C. E. Wills, Abel Smith. Frank Stoker, S. B. Morris, J. W. Fassett, S. Symonds, Oscar Fisher, LeGrand Fisher, D. D. Newton, Samuel Cline, H. T. Coon, James Johnston, Jos. McNally, Ephraim McConnell, Edward Mourin, Melvin Rosecranz, Frank D. Carpenter, R. A. Goodell, E. C. Taylor, Ira Burden, W. W. Salisbury, Manley Daniels, Stanton Borst, Silas Borst, Dennis McAuliffe, A. A. Lines, E. N. Burden.
Marathon—W. A. Coon H. E. Wilson, W. A. Cook, Jr., Charles H. Bouton, E. L. Adams.
The following is the list of secretaries:
Little York—Frank Wilcox, Albert Gates.
Mr. Stanchfield as he gazed into the empty seats before him, asked a few men who were lined up against the rear wall to come around and be seated, and then announced that the gathering, to him, was an augury of success. He made the usual reference to Jeffersonian principles and ventured to assert that 700,000 Democrats would put Yan Wyck in the governor's chair. He then announced that his discussion would be upon four points which he charged against the Republican party, and stated them as follows:
First—The Republican party has violated the constitution and the law in the passage of the so-called force bill.
Second—The Republican party has trampled on the right of personal liberty in the enactment of the Raines law.
Third—The Republican party has stolen moneys in the appropriations for the enlargement of the canals.
Fourth—The Republican party has invaded the statutory rights of organized labor in ignoring organized labor in the appointments on the state railroad commission.
Mr. Stanchfield then expressed the opinion that Governor Black should have been the nominee of the Republicans for governor. Roosevelt, he said, was nominated because of sentiment. He drew a word picture of Mr. Roosevelt leaving his cozy corner in President McKinley's cabinet and going to the fields of Santiago to fight. The picture stirred his blood, be admires his bravery and chivalry, but he did not think Roosevelt the proper man to look after the civic affairs of the state. He omitted, however, to give his reasons for such an opinion. The speaker referred at some length to Roosevelt's taxes.
Mr. Stanchfield then discussed the first of his four charges against the Republican party, and made the prediction that if the Republicans carry the state and the legislature and the normal Democratic majority in New York City is cut down, the elections law, or so-called force bill now applicable in New York will be made applicable to every city in the state. The Raines law next received the speaker's attention. He claimed that the law operates in favor of the classes and against the masses, and condemned it further because of the manner of its passage, because of the claim that the state has no right to take for itself one-third of the income from excise in each county, and because, as he claimed, it provides for an army of paid spies who, he claimed, are engaged in inducing crime by entering saloons and hotels during closed hours and calling for something over the bar.
With reference to the canal question, the speaker charged that the report of the investigating committee is couched in such language as is intended not to hurt the feelings of the heads of departments. According to Mr. Stanchfield, public funds appropriated to the canal improvement have been stolen.
Referring to his last charge, the speaker alleged that a plain storekeeper has been appointed to a place on the state railroad commission instead of Peter Keefe of Rochester, a practical railroad man.
Mr. Stanchfield then made the startling statement that the recent war was fought under the Republican flag, but by Democratic brain, and then proceeded to eulogize Hobson, Schley and Dewey, all of whom he claimed are Democrats. He thought the place for Roosevelt is secretary of the navy rather than as governor. The reason Bryan's regiment did not get to the front, according to Mr. Stanchfield, was that room might be made for Republicans to distinguish themselves. In a couple of sentences at the close of his address, Mr. Stanchfield urged his hearers to vote for Van Wyck, but no reference was made to national issues, nor to local matters in any way.
DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Elected for The H. M. Whitney Wagon Co. in Annual Meeting.
The annual meeting of the stockholders of The H. M. Whitney Wagon Co. was held at the office of the company this morning at 10 o'clock and the following directors were re-elected for the coming year: H. M. Whitney, E. S. Burrowes and S. E. Totten.
At a subsequent meeting of the directors the following officers were elected for the coming year:
The company is just now putting on more men and starting anew for the winter's work. Orders are numerous and the company seems to be in a flourishing condition with a good prospect for next year's trade.
HERE IS PROSPERITY.
An Increase or 52,000 Employed Workmen in the State in One Year.
The reports for the year just closing made to State Factory Inspector O'Leary by his deputies throughout New York state show that 52,000 more people were employed in the manufactories of the state than during the year 1897. State Factory Inspector O'Leary has sent a letter to all of his deputies congratulating them on their work. In this letter he says:
"The reports filed as a result of your work for 1898 show the enormous increase of 3,613 manufactories, 1,958 of which are new, and 1,660 firms which had shut down during the late period of business depression and have resumed business this year. Four hundred and twenty-three firms made application to the department for permission to run their plants overtime occasionally, and they have reported having in the aggregate worked 53,529 hours extra. The increase which you report in the total number of people employed is very pleasing and satisfactory. Your reports show that 52,000 more people are employed in the manufactories throughout the state than there were in 1897. This, however, is exclusive of the number of firms which have resumed business with the old force of employees. It is also exclusive of the number of firms which been running three-quarters time and resumed full time without reducing their forces."
BREVITIES.
—George Peake of Virgil has two ducks that have laid over four dozen eggs this fall and are still hard at it.
—The new catalogue of Harvard university shows 3,774 students and 423 professors and instructors in all departments.
—The Kindergarten association will meet at the Normal Kindergarten on Thursday afternoon, Nov. 3 at 4 o'clock.
—Last night was Halloween and the young people of both sexes were out in force cutting up the usual Halloween pranks.
—A party of Normal [School] young ladies out serenading last night won a number of compliments for themselves by their fine singing.
—A fair sized audience attended Washburn's minstrels last night and was well pleased and amused by upwards of three hours of solid fun.
—Prof. T. J. McEvoy delivers his lecture on the Spanish-American war at Blodgett Mills to-night in the school hall for the benefit of the library fund.
—Cortland Council, No. 233, Knights of Columbus, has issued invitations for a reception to be given in Columbus hall in the Beaudry building Thursday evening of this week at 8 o'clock.
—Miss Ina M. Parmiter of 27 Maple-ave. was tendered a very pleasant surprise party last evening by a number of her young friends in honor of her birthday. She was presented with a handsome music rack.
—Brayton Brothers arc building a new storehouse 80 by 24 feet in size and two stories high to be used in connection with their flour and feed establishment on Clinton-ave, next the Tioughnioga river bridge.
—New display advertisements to-day are—McCarthy & Sons, Fall Styles in Outer Wear, page 7; J. T. Davern & Co., Millinery, etc., page 6; Stowell, Six Days' "Make Room" Sale, page 4; Opera House, Gettysburg, page 5; Case, Seasonable Dressgoods, page 6; L. N. Hopkins, Chrysanthemums, page 8.
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