Cortland Evening Standard, Wednesday, January 11, 1899.
PAGE TWO—EDITORIALS.
Scientific Progress in 1898.
Although there was no conspicuous scientific achievement during 1898, there were some practical successes worthy of note. For instance, there was considerable experimenting in the line of obtaining cheaper and more efficient lights. The most satisfactory results were secured from tests with magnesium, aluminum and other minerals heated to brilliancy by electricity, thus dispensing with vacuum tubes.
Wireless telegraphy was in service between the Isle of Wight and the mainland, but it appears to be still in an elemental stage of development. Of great commercial importance, however, was the system perfected by Professor Rowland of Johns Hopkins university, whereby twelve or sixteen messages can be sent simultaneously over one wire.
The continuance of the bubonic plague in India gave opportunity to demonstrate the efficacy of Hoffkine's protective serum. The danger attending the preparation of the strum was also demonstrated by the death of two physicians in Vienna, who were engaged in the cultivation of the plague bacillus. The application of the antitoxin of tetanus directly to the brain tissue was shown to be marvelously swift and potent in cases of lockjaw. The value of Sanarelli's antitoxin for yellow fever was not established, and the discovery of a genuine microbe of the disease is even doubted.
During the year Ramsey and Crookes discovered four new chemical elements. It was claimed that the distinctive element of the solar corona had been found in the volcanic gases of Vesuvius, but the discovery was not verified. Neither was there verification of the alleged discovery in the atmosphere of a gas many thousand times lighter than hydrogen. There was during the year a remarkable mechanical achievement in condensing air to a liquid, and the curious experiments with the same opened up many possibilities of usefulness.
Among the astronomical achievements of 1898 were very successful observations of the total eclipse of the sun. The sensational event of the year, however, was the discovery of a tiny planet whose orbit overlaps that of Mars to such an extent that the little globe may at times approach within 20,000,000 miles of the earth. Michelson's invention of a spectroscope of high dispersive power was something of interest to both chemists and astronomers.
Among the novelties of the year was the Lake boat, intended for operations on the bottom of harbors and rivers. The war with Spain brought out the Holland sub-marine torpedo boat. It also illustrated anew the value of fire-proof construction on ships and of water tube boilers. It inspired Gatling to devise a process for the manufacture of a gun in one-sixth the time formerly required. A test of the gun, Wednesday, however, was very unsatisfactory.
During 1898 numerous expeditions were organized to hunt for Andree, but all of them failed. Peary left for the north to carry out his scheme of reaching the pole by easy stages. Borchgrevink's expedition sailed for the Antarctic. No news came from the Belgian expedition.
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| Emilio Aguinaldo. |
◘ The situation at Iloilo in the Philippines hardly admits of comment at present and any moment may change the whole aspect of affairs there. A collision of the insurgents with the United States forces can hardly fail to prove disadvantageous in the end to Aguinaldo. The main point to be considered is the influence and the resources of this leader, who has attempted to make himself the mouthpiece of the natives. From all that can be learned his influence outside of a narrow circle of adherents is very small. In some of the islands he is utterly unknown, and there is nothing like a community of interests among these natives that would band them in opposition to the United States. It is therefore inconceivable that even at the worst he can long successfully oppose the wishes of the United States. The evident desire of our government is to avoid if possible anything like an open rupture with the natives themselves, but if Aguinaldo, who appears to be both ambitious and egotistic, persists in opposing and delaying the course of military events as mapped out by our generals, he will have to go, for it is plain that he does stand for the people of the whole group of islands. The situation at Iloilo is therefore annoying, but can hardly be called grave when looked at largely. The first collision with the United States will probably reduce Aguinaldo to a guerrilla chief. He has neither the backing nor the personal ability to make persistent opposition to the course of events.
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| Maj. Gen. Elwell Stephen Otis. |
SITUATION AT ILOILO.
Reassuring News Received From General Otis.
PROBABLY NO OPEN CONFLICT.
General Otis Has Been Instructed to Use Gentleness In Dealing With Insurgents and to Advise and Co-Operate With Admiral Dewey—A Landing Delayed.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 11.—It can be stated on authority that such news as has been received from General Otis is rather reassuring than otherwise as to the situation in the Philippines and that he made no allusion to a hostile collision. He has been instructed to use gentleness in dealing with the insurgents and to advise and co-operate with Admiral Dewey. There is some reason to believe that there will be no open hostilities immediately, if at all.
The question has arisen here as to the exact purpose to be served now in attempting to seize Iloilo. Originally it was intended to release the Spanish force there besieged, but by their evacuation of that place they have removed that incentive, and were it not for the false encouragement it would give the insurgents there is little doubt that the United States troops would not be moved against Iloilo.
Meanwhile the navy is expected to draw a cordon around the island of Panay, and also Luzon should it be deemed necessary to do so, to prevent the further supply of arms and munitions of war to the insurgents.
Probably the gunboats now there or en route will be reinforced by the Machias and the Annapolis and Vicksburg.
DECREASE IN STRIKES.
Excellent Work Done by the State Board of Mediation and Arbitration.
ALBANY, Jan. 11.—The 12th annual report of the board of mediation and arbitration submitted to the legislature shows a remarkable decrease in the number of strikes, lockouts and other labor disruptions occurring annually as compared with previous years. In 1886 when the board was established 3,686 strikes were reported during the year, against 271 during 1898.
As the report states, "it is quite certain that the number of strikes, of differences in labor industries without strikes, is annually decreasing until it has reached a figure approaching a minimum. That a state authority of mediation and arbitration clothed with judicial power of investigation, has contributed largely to that end, is beyond doubt. Such authority and power of the state are a silent moral force and a deterrent influence upon those disposed to rush wildly or inconsistently into strikes to attain ends that may be reached by easier methods."
The report dwells at length on a plan by which it was proposed to do away with the annual strikes of the cloakmakers in New York city submitted by the cloakmakers' union. It was proposed to make an agreement with the contractors and other employers "by which all question of difference should be referred to a board of arbitration, composed of employers and employes [sic] for settlement, the board to have power to regulate and arrange the prices, hours of labor and other conditions.
The plan had been discussed in previous years, but nothing came of it, owing to the lack of interest taken by the employers, but at this time the latter appeared to be actively in favor of it. Hitherto strikes were necessary to bring about agreements at the beginning of the busy season, and as a result thousands of workmen were out of work sometimes for weeks, causing distress to themselves and their dependents.
The plan to do away with the necessity for the strikes met with the favor of the University Settlement society, and others interested in industrial matters, who volunteered their assistance, and in the latter part of December it was announced that all preliminary arrangements leading up to the appointment of the permanent arbitration committee had been completed and that the plan would be in operation at the opening of the busy season in February.
The report embraces a detail statement of all the case of strikes and lockouts of which the board has taken cognizance.
ROOSEVELT NONCOMMITTAL.
Declines to Talk About Electric Chairs for Women.
ALBANY, Jan. 11.—Governor Roosevelt this morning declined positively to commit himself on the question of the execution in the electric chair of women. The question arose in the case of Martha Place of Brooklyn whose sentence of death was affirmed by the court of appeals yesterday. He said he had no views at present on the subject. Every case might have a different phase and until it was presented to him he should not give an opinion.
NO FLORIDA ABOUT THIS.
Coldest Weather Known in Saratoga in a Generation.
SARATOGA. Jan. 11.—Last night was the coldest experienced in these parts for almost a generation. At Saranac lake the thermometer registered 40 degrees below zero, while at Whitehall the temperature was only 1 degree warmer. At Saratoga Springs the thermometer registered 30 below; at Greenfield 33, and at Warrensburg 36 below. Other towns comparatively warm were Ticonderoga 25 below; Ausable Forks 26 below, Plattsburg 25 below, Port Henry 22 below and Elizabethtown 25 below.
ROME, N. Y., Jan. 11.—The weather here last night was the coldest of the season, the mercury going as low as 28 degrees below zero. Reports from other places hereabout follow: Richland 35, Taberg 32, St. Johnsville 36 and 22 to 25 at other points along the Central road.
ALBANY, Jan. 11.—The weather in this vicinity for the past twenty-four hours has been extremely cold. At an early hour this morning the thermometer registered 12 degrees below zero. The ice has reformed in the Hudson and icemen anticipate commencing the season's harvest within a few days.
A BUSINESS CHANGE.
Firm of Hyatt & Tooke Dissolved—Mr. Hyatt Continues.
The firm of Hyatt & Tooke, photographers, has been dissolved and Mr. Hyatt took possession to-day and is to continue the business at the old gallery. These gentlemen came to Cortland eight years ago and have built up a splendid business. They have kept abreast of the times in everything that is new in photography and the quality of their work has steadily improved as it has improved the world over by new and better processes. Both are skilled artists, but they feel that from the financial point of view each can do better in a gallery of his own rather than to conduct a partnership in a place the size of Cortland.
Mr. Tooke has several places in mind as being possibilities for a desirable location, but has not yet decided which place shall be the fortunate one to secure him.
Mr. Hyatt has secured some assistants of the most undoubted skill in all the mechanical branches of the work. He will himself continue to make the sittings as formerly, and it is his intention to have the quality of the work produced steadily improve in the future, as it has during the years of his residence here.
The Institute Closed.
The farmers' institute closed a successful two days' session at the courthouse yesterday afternoon. At the opening of each session a question box occupied the attention of the institute for an hour, and many of the questions brought out quite animated discussions.
Yesterday afternoon Mr. James E. Rice of Yorktown gave a talk on the raising of small fruits for home use which was brimful of ideas and suggestions of much value to the farmer. Mr. Eastman concluded the session with a practical talk on "The Farmer as a Citizen," urging the gaining of a broader knowledge, "not only of farming, but of economic and social problems that he may thick and act independently and intelligently.
Death of Mrs. Peck.
The many friends of Mrs. Nathan B. Peck, who formerly resided at 37 East Court-st. in Cortland, will learn with regret of her death which occurred at 11 o'clock Wednesday morning, Jan. 4, at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Frederick E. Fisher of Olean, N. Y. The cause of death was valvular disease of the heart. Mrs. Peck has been in poor health for the past few months and her death, although not unexpected, came as a great blow to her family. She is survived by her husband, Nathan B. Peck, and one daughter, Mrs. Fisher. She bore her suffering with a patience and cheerfulness that was truly remarkable. Her maiden name was Laura A. Hopkins and she was born in the town of Virgil, March 29, 1828. On March 29, 1849, she was united in marriage with Nathan B. Peck of Cortland, which place has since been her home until the past three years which she and her husband have spent in Olean with their only daughter.
She was one of the oldest members of the Baptist church with which she united in 1851.
The funeral was held on Saturday afternoon at 1:30 o'clock and the burial was in the family lot in the cemetery at Olean.
New Bookstore in Town.
Messrs. J. R. and A. M. Schermerhorn, owners of the Schermerhorn building, have rented for a time the vacant store in the building between the clothing stores of Bingham Bros. & Miller and the Model Clothing company to a foreign book concern which will take possession in a few days.
A Business Change.
The firm of Gladding & Card, proprietors of the Cortland Steam laundry, located at the corner of Clinton-ave. and Washington-sts., has been dissolved, and Mr. A. L. Gladding will continue the business. Mr. Burt Card goes to Auburn to take charge of the Troy laundry.
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| Cortland Normal School. |
NORMAL SCHOOL COMMENCEMENT.
Program of the Festive Week—List of Commencement Stage Speakers.
The following is the program of commencement week at the Normal hall:
Sixth Annual Public Exercises of the Alpha Delta society, 8 P. M., Saturday, Jan. 2.
Ninth Annual Public Exercises of the Clionian Fraternity, 8 P. M., Monday, Jan. 30.
Eighth Annual Public Exercises of the Corlonor Fraternity, 9 P. M., Tuesday, Jan. 31.
Twenty-third Annual Public Exercises of the Gamma Sigma fraternity, 8 P. M., Wednesday, Feb. 1.
Eighteenth Annual Public Exercises of the Y. M. D. C., 8 P. M., Thursday, Feb. 2.
Semi-annual Sermon, 7:30 P. M., Sunday, Jan. 29, Rev. J. Barton French.
Books Returned, 9 A. M., Thursday, Feb. 2.
Standing Read, 1:30 P. M., Thursday, Feb. 2.
Commencement at Opera House, 10 A. M., Friday, Feb. 3.
Reception to the graduating classes in the Normal parlors, 8 P. M., Friday, Feb. 3.
The commencement appointments of the present class were read this morning at chapel exercises and are as follows:
Principal's Appointment—Thomas J. Gleason.
Faculty Appointments—Normal—Miss Ethel F. Elliott, Miss Mary Agnes Mix, Miss Lillian A. Moore, Miss Jeannette Mawhinney, Miss Ada Pritchard, Edward H. Doyle, Miss Elizabeth Southworth, Miss Etta Palmer, W. Burton Patrick.
Academic—Edward S. Mathewson.
RECEIVED THE RETURNS.
Cortland Sports Kept Close Track of the Prize Fight in New York.
The returns from the McCoy-Sharkey fight were listened to by a small but select crowd of Cortland sports at C. A. A. hall last evening. Perhaps the coldness of the night may explain the frigid condition of Cortland's sporting blood, but those who were sufficiently warmed by their sporting spirit and ventured forth were amply repaid. Words of commendation were heard on all sides at the manner in which the reports were received, each round being received in the minutest detail within two or three minutes after the event happened. The reports were received by Mr. O. K. George, the efficient manager of the Western Union. The association, while not making anything on the venture and, on the other hand not losing anything, has the satisfaction of giving its patrons the first full report of the greatest battle of modern history. The bouts between local sparrers [sic] were spirited and elicited the warmest applause.
BREVITIES.
—Grip is more popular than robins in Cortland just now.
—The plumbers were busy this morning thawing out frozen water pipes.
—McGrawville reports the mercury at 32 degrees below zero this morning.
—New display advertisements to-day are—J. A. Wood, Life Insurance Statement, page 6.
—In Justice of the Peace E. C. Parker's court the case of E. C. Palmer against Devolson Newton of Homer was adjourned until Jan. 20.
—A new installment of gutter plates for covering the open gutters on the newly paved Main-st. was received today and is being put in position.
—The members of Cortlandville lodge, No. 470, F. & A. M., are requested to meet at their rooms on Thursday, Jan. 12, at 1 o'clock sharp to attend the funeral of Mr. Ransom E. Brooks.
—Various reports of low temperature this morning come to us from different localities, but the coldest seems to be from the Cortland Door and Window Screen factory, where at 7:30 o'clock the mercury stood at 25 degrees below zero.
—The STANDARD is indebted to Mr. W. H. Livermore of Washington for a handsome calendar for 1899 containing a fine cut of the government printing office, where for many years he has been employed as a proofreader.
—The funeral services of Edwin D. White of Taylor will be held at his late home to-morrow at 11 o'clock A. M. and at the Baptist church in Cincinnatus at 1 o'clock P. M. The deceased was a brother-in-law of Mrs. E. H. Wilson of Cortland.
—Just five weeks from to-morrow church bells will toll at early morning announcing that Ash Wednesday is here and that society must inaugurate a change of bill at least for forty days. Lent is the fashion. As a divider of the season it is quite invaluable, and the very fixedness of the institution is one of its strongest recommendations. Just so much must be crowded into the days preceding the initial day of Lent. After that there is a breathing spell, a go as you please time until Easter.—Ithaca Journal, Tuesday.
—The STANDARD covers Cortland county and the borders of adjacent counties pretty thoroughly, and very little in this territory can happen and not get reported. The STANDARD'S local correspondents now cover sixty-eight different localities. We have correspondents only where we have subscribers and in nearly every place where we have subscribers to any considerable number we have a correspondent. This fact for the reader points directly to the moral that if you want to get all the news you must take The STANDARD; and to the advertiser it says, if you want to reach all the people you cannot do without the columns of The STANDARD.
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