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| Henry Cabot Lodge. |
Cortland Evening Standard, Saturday, December 22, 1900.
CANAL MUST BE OURS.
European Nations Must Keep Out of This Hemisphere.
STATEMENT BY SENATOR LODGE.
Man Who Had Charge of the Treaty In the Senate Tells of the Purposes of the Amendments—No Reflection Upon Secretary Hay.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 22.—Senator Lodge, in charge of the Hay-Pauncefote treaty in the senate, made a statement which, in part, follows:
"Let me say first that the amendments were not dictated by hostility toward England and still less were they in any degree a reflection upon the secretary of state, whose patriotism, purity of purpose, knowledge, accomplishments and high achievements in dealing with our foreign relations, especially in China, are fully and cordially recognized by men of all parties and all shades of opinion in the senate. The amendments were made by the senate solely because, in its opinion, they were necessary for the interests of the United States, for the avoidance of any question as to the control of the canal and consequently for the sake of peaceful and harmonious relations with the rest of the world on that subject in the future. The vote by which they were adopted shows this. The second, or Davis amendment, passed by a vote of 65 to 17, and the other two were adopted without division.
"The first amendment is a simple declaration that the Clayton-Bulwer treaty ceases to exist and is superceded by the Hay-Pauncefote treaty. The object of the latter was to remove the former as an obstacle to the construction of the isthmian canal. Some good judges thought that the Hay-Pauncefote treaty did this completely as it stood. Others believed that certain portions of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty still remained in force.
"The American people desired to be rid of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty finally and beyond question.
"Under article II of the Hay-Pauncefote treaty, as it stood, we were clearly bound, if engaged in war, to permit a hostile fleet, if it succeeded in getting inside the three-mile zone, to pass unmolested through the canal. This may or may not be a practical question and it is of no consequence whether it is or not. It was a solemn promise to permit a hostile fleet to seize the canal. That promise we either intended to keep or else we made it knowing that under the stress of war we should break it. If we meant to keep it, then it was a promise no nation ought to make. If we knew that we should not keep it in time of war, then it was only honest and fair to relieve ourselves of the obligation in the treaty itself. This was the purpose of the second or Davis amendment which entirely disposes of any such promise and which follows exactly in principle and almost exactly in words of article X of the Suez convention which reserved similar rights to Turkey, whose interest in the Suez canal is trivial compared to our [interest] in that proposed in Nicaragua.
Europe Not Invited to Share, Our Affairs.
"The third amendment strikes out article III by which we engaged to invite other nations to adhere to the treaty and thereby become parties to it. Had there been no Clayton-Bulwer treaty we should have negotiated with no one except Costa Rica and Nicaragua as to building the canal. With England, owing to the Clayton-Bulwer treaty, we were obliged to treat, but as we expect Europe to keep out of this hemisphere, it seemed to the senate unwise, however excellent and liberal the intention, to invite European nations to share in American affairs at any point.
"Such are the purposes of the three amendments, which in no way derogate from the intention of the United States that this canal shall be a neutral highway of the world's commerce."
"Do you think England will accept or reject these senate amendments?" the senator was asked.
"That is a question I have been asked many times and upon which I don't think it would be right or proper for me to express an opinion," was the reply. "But I think I can with propriety say a word as to our view of the amendments. It is well recognized in international law that, when the conditions and new demands have arisen, this fact is an ample ground for seeking an abrogation or modification of the original instrument, The American people desire to build and mean to build and control the isthmian canal. They recognize that the Clayton-Bnlwer treaty, made 50 years ago, under conditions no longer existent, stands in the way. They have no desire to clear it from their path in a violent fashion by formally denouncing it, or by passing laws and taking action in contravention of its provisions. They wish to remove it by amicable arrangement in a suitable and becoming manner. The Hay-Pauncefote treaty was framed for this object. The senate is part of the treaty-making power and treaties sent to it for ratification are not strictly treaties, but projects for treaties. They are still inchoate.
"In the exercise of its undoubted rights, without the slightest reflection upon anyone and without a shadow of hostility to a friendly nation, the senate continuing the negotiations begun by Mr. Hay, offers three new propositions to England. They ask her to omit the clause inviting other nations to adhere, which does not touch her at all. They ask her to conform to our desires by agreeing in unmistakable language, to the supersession of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty by the Hay-Pauncefote treaty, which is the whole purpose of the negotiation. They ask her finally to accept in this treaty the reservation of rights in time of war which she granted to Turkey in the Suez convention and of which as the present possessor of Egypt she is now herself the beneficiary.
"These propositions are all essential to American interests and are fair, reasonable, friendly and in no sense offensive. England's interest in having the canal built, be it great or small, is second only to that of the United States for she alone has, like the United States, large possessions in North America and both on Atlantic and Pacific coasts. We agree that all vessels of commerce and of war shall pass through the canal on the same terms as our own and in war between other powers we agree to preserve the neutrality of the canal toward all belligerents. In deference to the wishes of Nicaragua and Costa Rica in regard to this treaty, and not to any we may hereafter make them, we relinquish the right to make permanent fortifications and although there is no need of such fortifications the right to erect them is an important right and its relinquishment goes to the last verge of concession.
Canal Must Be Ours.
The vast expense of the canal is ours, the maintenance and defense of it are ours and the American people will never permit a canal there which they do not control, because the defense of the United States overrides every other consideration. In building and maintaining the canal, we assume a great burden, by which the whole world will benefit and if we bear the burden alone, the power and the control must be ours alone also.
"We desire to dispose of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty in the most friendly way possible. We are most averse to any other disposition of it. England does not intend to go to war with us to prevent our building the canal, and if it is physically possible to build it, we mean, in any event, to do so. Under these circumstances we are very clear that it is as much for England's interest as ours to accept the new propositions in the friendly spirit in which they are offered and thus end a controversy over an outworn treaty which is only a stumbling block to both nations.
"It is not to be doubted that the English ministers whose ability, experience and reputation are known to all the world will duly weigh all these considerations and rightly comprehend the purpose of the senate amendments and the spirit in which they are presented."
BRITISH PRESS UP IN ARMS.
Action of Senate on Hay-Pauncefote Treaty Brings Forth Bitter Speech.
LONDON, Dec. 22.—The responsible weeklies today discuss the Hay-Pauncefote canal treaty at considerable length.
The Saturday Review devotes a page to the "Nicaragua scandal," saying uncomplimentary things about the United States senate, President McKinley and Lord Salisbury.
"The worst of it is," it says, "that we have only ourselves to thank for the whole pother. The policy of perpetual concessions to the United States and of over-strained eulogy upon her statesmen meets with no response from the other party, save fresh demands and increasing insolence. Our own statesmen have brought upon themselves humiliations which it is conceivable they may at last be induced to resent."
The worst thing The Spectator says is the following: "Apparently the object of the United States senate has not been to attain a particular object so much as to insult a friendly power and to make it difficult for that power to negotiate in a conciliatory spirit."
The Speaker goes into the canal question historically, citing Nicaragua's treaties with Spain in 1859, France in 1860, Italy in 1868 and England in 1860, neutralizing the projected canal, pointing out that these are all in force now except the treaty with England.
"We foresee for the United States," The Speaker says, "grave diplomatic complications with other powers, unless they support America with the object of achieving Great Britain's discomfiture.''
PAGE FOUR—EDITORIALS.
The Christmas of Paterfamilias.
The merry Christmas is happily almost here; also happily it will soon be past. Christmas is the season of gift giving, the season of endless benefactions, of boundless subscriptions to church and charity, of mighty tips to attaches of the domestic and business world. Verily, the American business man may be excused for regarding it as the desolation of desolations. In this land the Christmas stocking is almost entirely under the supervision of the ladies of the family for, according to his own modest estimate, the average American man has neither the time nor the taste to select Christmas souvenirs, although he does very well indeed to pay up the after bills. It is universally regarded as the province of paterfamilias to accept with a smiling face and a joyous heart any and all subsequent holiday duns. No wonder the hard worked man contemplating the fat bills resulting from his wife's or daughter's Christmas shopping debauch is moved to regret that it is the 29th of February and not the 25th of December that comes round only once in four years. Looking over the array of bric-a-brac and odds and ends that he has to show for the coin with which he has to part, he heaves a profound sigh and contemplates the misfit smoking jacket which he will seldom wear, as he feels more comfortable in an old coat, the box of cigars with which he would not jeopardize his life insurance, for his clumsy hands a manicure set suited in general construction for a doll's dressing table, some neckties which he dare not wear down town out of regard for his own eminently respectable position in the community, canes either of a style appropriate for an 18-year-old dandy or of a clublike character adapted to the prehistoric hunting bouts of our cave dwelling ancestors.
To enter into any extended detail of the exuberance of gifts that the kind members of the household pour out upon him is too sad a subject. He knows that for these he will have many a worried hour, many a day of overexertion and night of overwork to pay for these and the elegant trifles which his family has purchased, and he wonders if in this general saturnalia of peace on earth and good will toward men it would not be a happy thought to inaugurate a new era by limiting the extravagances in such a way that peace of mind may be less far distant from the toiling man who examines into the cost of the Christmas merrymaking.
◘ Count Tolstoi wants to do away with all governments, but his plan is not likely to be adopted so long as people can draw pay for holding public offices.
◘ It may be noted that the queen did not use any unnecessary space in her message to tell parliament that she wanted money.
◘ The star of Oklahoma is likely soon to shine as the forty-sixth in the constellation upon the blue field of the American flag.
FARMERS' INSTITUTE.
Cortland County the Center of the Egg Producing District.
The Farmers' Institute was carried on last evening, although the attendance was not as large as during the day. The question box proved very interesting. The first question was along the line of egg getting in the winter time. Mr. Rice and Mr. Van Breazer answered this. The hens should be in a good condition when put in for the winter; they should have a balanced food, plenty of water and plenty of pure air. During the discussion it was brought out by these gentlemen that the territory about Cortland is the greatest egg producing section in the United States.
How to kill quack grass, was answered by Conductor Smith, who said that the best way he knew of was to plow very shallow, but on a cutaway harrow and don't let it breathe. In about a month, sow buckwheat or peas just before a shower if possible, and keep the ground shaded thereby.
Mrs. F. A. Taber of Poughkeepsie gave a very interesting illustrated lecture on cooking albumin. Mrs. Taber said that these substances should be cooked at a temperature of 180 degrees, and not at the boiling point.
"The Farmers' Flower Garden," by Mr. Rice was an appeal to farmers, not only to beautify their places by planting shrubs and flowers, but also to improve them by fixing up the broken gates, barndoors, etc.
The institute has been continued to-day. A further account of it will be given later.
FIREMEN CALLED OUT.
Will Meet at Fireman's Hall at 1:30 Monday.
Chief of the Fire Department H. P. Davis has issued a call to the members of the various fire companies of the city to meet next Monday afternoon at 1:30 o'clock at Fireman's hall to attend the funeral of Dorr C. Smith who was an active member of the department. The members will report in uniforms. Fireman's hall is being trimmed with crape this afternoon.
Hitchcock Hose Election.
At the annual election of the officers of the Hitchcock Hose Co., No. 6, last night the following officers were elected for the coming-year:
Representative—L. E. Tuthill.
Alternate—James Haskell.
President—Wallace Gardner.
Vice-President—Chas. Seamans.
Foreman—Chas. Williamson.
First Assistant Foreman—Earl Cole.
Second Assistant Foreman—Chauncey West.
Secretary—John Luce.
Financial Secretary—John Holmes.
Treasurer—M. S. Withey.
Trustee—Mike O'Brien.
Property Clerk—Earl Cole.
Janitor—S. S. Horton.
Emerald Hose Election.
The Emerald Hose company has elected officers for next year as follows:
President—M. F. Cleary.
Vice-President—W. McAuliff.
Foreman—Thomas Kernan.
First Assistant—Thomas Kane.
Second Assistant—Maurice Lane.
Recording Secretary—John A. Nix.
Financial Secretary—M. B. Burns.
Treasurer—Henry Corcoran.
Pipeman—John D. Kiely.
Assistant Pipeman—Frank J. Donegan.
Property Clerk—Edward Kane.
Representative to State Firemen's Convention—W. J. McAuliff.
Alternate to State Firemen's Convention—M. B. Burns.
Samuel N. Holden.
LOCAL PERSONAL.
MAYOR S. N. HOLDEN is in Ithaca to-day.
MR. H. M. WHITNEY of New York City is spending the Holidays at his home in Cortland.
MR. MAURICE L. FARRELL is home from Amherst college for the Holiday vacation.
MISS MINERVA STUBBS, who has been teaching in Newark, N. Y., is at home for the Holidays.
MISS SARAH ROSS, who has been teaching at Springfield, N. J., is home for the Holidays.
W. D. TUTTLE is attending a special term of court in Cayuga county at Auburn to-day.
MARY, Charley and Archie Glann are spending two weeks with their grandparents at Apalachin, N. Y.
SUPERINTENDENT F. E. SMITH and family left for Sandy Creek this morning for a two weeks' visit.
MISS ANNA LUKER returned this morning from her school in Stony Point to spend the Christmas vacation.
MISS CORA E. BULL, who is teaching at Nyack, arrived in Cortland this morning to spend the Holiday vacation.
MISS ALDINE WATROUS, who is teaching at East Orange, N. J., returned to her home in Homer this morning.
MISS STELLA FRENCH, who is teaching on Long Island, is at her home in Cortland for the Holiday vacation.
MR. ROBERT PURVIS is entirely unconscious to-day, and every attempt to arouse him has been unsuccessful.
PROF. AND MRS. W. M. BOOTH have gone to New York to spend the Holidays with the former's brother.
MISS BERTHA SAWYER of the Normal returned to her home in Moravia last evening for the Christmas vacation.
MISS LINDA A. NEWMAN of the Normal returned to her home in Owego last evening to spend the Holiday vacation.
MRS. C. H. VAN TUYL of Hamilton is in Cortland, called here by the serious illness of her mother Mrs. H. C. Blodgett.
MISS HELEN M. CARVER, who is teaching at High Falls, Ulster Co,, returned this morning for the Holiday vacation.
MR. HUBERT R. MAINE, who is ill with typhoid fever, is a little more comfortable to-day and is believed to be on the gain.
MISS MABEL C. WHITCOMB, who is teaching at Addison, N. Y., is in Cortland to spend the Holidays at her home.
MR. A. L. BAKER of Baldwinsville, who has been spending a day or two in Cortland, returned to his home in Baldwinsville.
MRS. ARLAND D. WEEKS, who is teaching in Marathon, went to her home in McLean last evening to spend the Holidays.
MR. HOWARD M. TRACY, principal of the union school at East Islip. L. I., is in Cortland to spend a few days with friends.
MISS ADELL O. CLARK, who is teaching in Greater New York, arrived this morning to spend the vacation at her home in Cortland.
MRS. JAMES S. SQUIRES left this noon for East Orange, N. J., to visit her daughter Mrs. Charles W. Aiken during the Holidays.
MRS. CHARLOTTE NASH-HEAD, who is teaching in Sidney, is home to spend the Holidays at the home of her parents Dr. and Mrs. E. B. Nash.
MR. JOHN M. HINDS is home from Amherst college for his Holiday vacation and is at the home of his parents Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Hinds,
MISS CATHARINE W. KEESE returned from Oberlin college last night and will spend the Holidays with her parents Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Keese.
MISS RHEA CHAMPLIN, who is teaching at Bayside, L. I., arrived in Cortland this morning and will spend the Holiday season with her parents, 22 Union-st.
MISS JESSIE HILL, who is teaching in Binghamton, is spending the Christmas vacation at the home of her parents Mr. and Mrs. J. O. Hill of Reynolds-ave.
MR. ARGYLE MCLACHLAN of Syracuse university was in Cortland last evening on his way to Dryden, where he will spend part of the Holiday vacation.
MR. CHARLES S. WRIGHT, who is teaching in Greater New York, passed through Cortland this morning on the way to his home in Preble to spend the Holiday vacation.
MISS HARRIET STROWBRIDGE, who is teaching in Springfield, N. J., arrived on the morning train to spend Christmas at the home of her parents, Mr. and Mrs. C. S. Strowbridge, Monroe Heights.
MISS FLORENCE J. DRAKE and Miss Bertha M. Bardwell, who are teaching in Binghamton, were in Cortland last evening, on the way to their respective homes in Moravia and Auburn to spend Christmas.
BAR ASSOCIATION
Prepares a Memorial Tribute for Dorr C. Smith, a Member.
At a meeting of the bar of Cortland county held at the county judge's chambers, Dec. 21, 1900, to take action on the death of Mr. Dorr C. Smith, the following attorneys were present: J. E. Eggleston, S. S. Knox, D. W. Van Hoesen, Jas. Dougherty, Nathan L. Miller, Rowland L. Davis, Wm. D. Tuttle, Henry A. Dickinson, T. E. Courtney, T. H. Dowd, L. P. Hollenbeck, John H. Kelley, W. C. Crombie and others.
On motion of Jas. Dougherty, Judge Eggleston was chosen as chairman and W. C. Crombie as secretary of the meeting.
Judge Eggleston stated the object of the meeting and made some very fitting and appropriate remarks and was followed by each member present.
On motion of Mr. J. Courtney, Jr., a committee on resolutions consisting of Messrs. Courtney, Dickinson and Miller was appointed.
It was also moved and carried that these resolutions be spread upon the minutes of the meeting, published in the city papers and a copy thereof engrossed be conveyed to the family of the deceased and that the members of the bar attend the funeral in a body, for that purpose meeting at the chambers of the county judge at one o'clock P. M. of that day.
The committee on resolutions, having reported the following memorial, the same were adopted:
The members of the bar of Cortland county, called together by the startling intelligence that the life of Dorr C. Smith has suddenly gone out, having gathered in that place where on similar occasions his voice of sympathy has frequently been heard, give this testimony.
The labors of Dorr C. Smith during the twenty years he was actively connected with our profession, are preserved in the records of our courts, and are a lasting memorial of his skill and industry. In that branch of the profession most suited to his tastes, his fitness has not been surpassed. As a magistrate he manifested great ability and fearless integrity. In a calling necessarily associated with fierce strifes and strong antagonisims, though ever faithful to the interests of his client, even at the expense of his own, his courtesy, fairness and generosity were such, that in the mind of no antagonist has he left a sting.
To every one of us he bound himself by ties of friendship; and although he had given up the practice of law for a few years, we loved to consider him still one of our number, and as such feel his loss to-day.
To the wife and kindred who better than we, knew the great heart and lovable nature of the man, we give our heartfelt sympathy.
To those who understood him, it will not seem inappropriate if our parting words shall be those to his favorite Hamlet:
"Good night, sweet prince, and flights of angels sing thee to thy rest."
W. C. CROMBIE, Sec.
BREVITIES.
—New display advertisements to-day are—M. W. Giles, Christmas gifts, page 7; C. F. Brown, Huyler's candy, page 7; J. W. Cudworth, Optical talks, page 7.
—All members of the Congregational Sunday-school who possibly can do so are requested to meet at the church this evening at 7 o'clock and assist in the decorations.
—Deputy Sheriff P. J. Dwyer went to Auburn this morning with E. D. Foote who was on Thursday sentenced to one year and nine months in that institution for bigamy.
—Congressman Ray has introduced a bill in the house at Washington providing for the purchase of a site and the erection thereon of a public building for the city of Ithaca at a cost not to exceed $100,000.
—There are fourteen cases of typhoid fever at the hospital at present. Some of them are pretty seriously ill, but none beyond hope of recovery. There are also two other patients there at present, one a surgical case and the other patient has a broken hip.
—The five societies of the Normal have arranged to give Goldsmith's comedy "She Stoops to Conquer" for their dramatic entertainment on Jan. 21. Their success in previous years warrants the expectation that this entertainment will be first class and will do credit to the students and the school.
—If you have a friend who once lived in Cortland and is interested in Cortland happenings and you don't know what to give him for Christmas just send a receipt for a year's subscription to The STANDARD and he will be thankful to you every time the paper comes to him. Many have found this a very satisfactory Christmas gift in the past. [As true today as in the past—CC ed.]
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