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| Judge William Howard Taft. |
Cortland Evening Standard, Thursday, Feb. 6, 1902.
SENATE COMMITTEE.
Governor Taft Deals With Civil and Military Rule.
SOME DIFFERENCE OF OPINION.
Says There Are 34 Organized and 15 Unorganized Provinces—Majority of People Cannot Read or Write. Women Hold a Superior Position. They Should Vote.
Washington, Feb. 6.—In his statement before the senate committee on the Philippines Governor Taft dealt especially with the question of the relationship of the civil and military authorities in the Philippines. Governor Taft said that originally the civil and military control of the islands had been in the hands of the military and that naturally there had been some differences of opinion between the military authorities and the commission as to the method of proceeding. This difference had arisen with General MacArthur and there had been more or less correspondence on the subject.
Governor Taft explained at some length the contention between the commission and General Chaffee which had, he said, arisen over the habeas corpus provision in the commission's code. The provision had been invoked in the interest of an enlisted man serving in Cebu, who was seeking to secure his release from the military service in an indirect way. Thus a conflict had arisen and the question had been referred to Washington with the result that instructions had come back that the differences must be compromised. An understanding was reached after a prolonged conference.
"Our compromise was reached on the understanding that a writ of habeas corpus would not be against military officers, a civilian employee of the military branch or a prisoner of war."
Governor Taft also said that there had been some differences of opinion as to other matters in the method of administration and that naturally the natives were more favorably inclined toward the civil government because they were represented by men of their own nationality in that branch of the service, while on the other hand the army was principally concerned in bringing the war to an end. He thought the military authorities were coming to look with more favor on the civil institutions.
In reply to a question Governor Taft said there are 34 organized and 15 unorganized provinces.
In answer to a question by Senator Patterson Governor Taft said it was not true that a majority of the people can read and write. As to the position of women in the islands, he said that the women of the Philippines hold a superior position. They are active managers in general affairs and the Spanish archbishop had said to him that if it was intended to confer any political authority upon the Filipinos it should be conferred upon the female sex.
New York Central locomotive in a tunnel of snow in St. Lawrence County, N. Y.
RAILROAD BLOCKADE.
Things Improving at Rochester—Erie Yet Closed—Worst Since 1878.
Rochester, N. Y., Feb. 6.—The Erie is the only railroad yet closed as a result of the big storm of Sunday and Monday. All of the other roads were opened during the last 24 hours and are running trains regardless of schedule time. Not since 1878 has the Erie suffered as in the present storm. It is completely tied up south of this city and not a train has arrived or departed since early Sunday morning. Between Lima and Livonia the drifts are reported as from 15 to 20 feet high and in cuts the snow is even with the level of the high banks.
After a hard struggle the Western New York and Pennsylvania division of the Pennsylvania succeeded in opening its road and a freight and passenger train were sent out, but whether they will reach Olean is a question.
THE WATERBURY FIRE.
Talk of Incendiarism Not Believed. Soldiers Get a Meal.
Waterbury, Conn., Feb. 5.—The talk of incendiarism as the cause of the conflagration which swept through the business section of the city Sunday night is pronounced rubbish by owners of the buildings where the flames first broke out.
George F. Hughes, head of the drygoods firm of Reid & Hughes, in whose building the original blaze started, said that the outbreak of the fire was undoubtedly due to defective electric light wiring.
The ruins on Bank and South Main streets are still burning spasmodically. The National Guardsmen of Companies A and G are still on duty aiding the police. Since Sunday night they have been quartered in the armory, subsisting on a light diet of coffee and sandwiches. The destruction of hotels and restaurants has made it very difficult to secure proper food for them. Yesterday afternoon Captain H. B. Carter of Company A ordered warm meals from a restaurant on his own authority.
"Can't bother with soldiers," said the proprietor. "We are rushed with out of town people at bigger prices than you fellows can pay."
"You'll bother with soldiers or I'll send a squad down here to commandeer your whole outfit." answered Carter.
The men of Company A got their meal.
PAGE FOUR—EDITORIAL.
Health in Snowflakes.
When the blizzard comes and railroads are tied up and people have to wade through snowbanks up to their knees and men are breaking their backs clearing walks we are all inclined to sigh for the coming of spring.
But there are compensations even in snowbanks, and it is well to remember them, especially as this is a scientific age, and science teaches us to turn everything to the best possible account. One of the greatest benefits derived from a fall of snow is the effect it has in purifying the air. No one needs to be told of the impurities floating in the atmosphere of a large town. And everybody who has ever been out in a snowstorm ran recall the exhilaration that comes from breathing the air while the flakes are falling. They clear the atmosphere of all sorts of germs and give it a healthful and bracing quality—much like that of high altitudes above the contaminating influence of the earth.
Striking testimony to the good wrought by snowstorms as destroyers of disease-breeding germs is given in the story of the experiments made by the health department of Chicago a few days ago:
On the 18th shallow glass dishes containing the usual preparation for the growth of atmospheric germs were exposed to the air for three minutes in ten different localities within the half mile bounded by South Water, State and Adams-sts., and Fifth-ave. After seventy-two hours' incubation these showed an average of 630 colonies of growing germs, the greatest number—1,050— being found at the northeast corner of Dearborn and Washington-sts., a few feet above the street level; the least—330—in the south court between the City hall and the county building, and the next fewest—355—on the roof of the City hall, about 130 feet above the street level. On the 21st snow fell of the equivalent to .28 of an inch of rain and the experiment was repeated on the 22d. The average colonies from these latter exposures numbered sixty-six, ranging from nineteen at the southeast corner of LaSalle and South Water-sts., to 180 at the southeast corner of Washington-st. and Fifth-ave. The atmosphere was nearly 90 per cent purer on Wednesday after the snowfall than it was before.
Similar effects, says the Troy Times, must naturally follow in any city where a snowstorm comes on the heels of a season during which the streets have been dry and dusty. At such times the conditions are right for the creation of disease germs, and then if high winds come to scatter the dust about the germs are distributed far and wide, to the peril of the public health.
Snow and cold are great antiseptics. The dwellers in cities should realize this and take comfort when the streets and sidewalks are encumbered with a fleecy covering. And the purifying influence of the snow and cold, added to the natural balsamic air of the mountains, explains why the Adirondacks are such perfect health resorts in winter as well as in summer.
THE MILK PRODUCERS.
FIVE STATES ORGANIZATION MEETS AT BINGHAMTON.
Fifty Men Present—Plans to be Arranged for Co-operative Creameries Under Central Management—Railroad Rates—Resolutions Favoring the Grout Bill—Concerning Other Matters.
A meeting of the Five States Milk Producers' Association was held at the Arlington hotel in Binghamton Wednesday with about fifty producers present.
The chief object of the meeting was to consider plans for the furtherance of the scheme to organize the co-operative creameries under one central management.
To suggest plans to this end a committee of five was appointed consisting of B. A. Capron of Boonville, William Hymers of DeLaney, O, S. Sawder of Earlville and U. S. Searles of Montrose, Pa. After the committee have approved of plans they will report to the executive committee.
The following resolution was adopted regarding the Grout bill now before congress:
"WHEREAS, We believe that the dairy interest of this state and of the entire country, demand the passage by congress of the Grout bill in the form in which it was reported to the committee, therefore be it
Resolved, That we, as an association composed of thousands of dairy men from the states of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Connecticut and Massachusetts, do hereby urge our representatives in congress to vote for the passage of said bill and to use all honorable means looking to that end, be it further
Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions signed by the president and secretary be sent to Senators Depew and Platt and Congressmen Ray and Payne, and ask for their hearty co-operation.
The matter of discrimination practiced by several of the railroads against producers was discussed. It was claimed that the big shippers in New York City had a hold on the railroads and that while the roads would sell to the co-operative companies land near the tracks upon which to erect a building, that the same railroad company often hesitated about making proper switching facilities. A committee consisting of J. S. Sherwood, S. M. Kyle and Charles Lee, was appointed to confer with the state railroad commissioners about the matter.
It is claimed that much of the milk used in New York is impure and the board of health of that city is investigating the matter. The producers claim not to be to blame for the impurities and the association Wednesday adopted the following resolutions:
The directors of the Five States Milk Producers' association in regular session again declare our willingness to co-operate in all efforts to prevent impure or unfit milk from being sold in New York City.
We affirm that with comparatively few exceptions the producers honestly and to the best of their knowledge deliver healthful, pure, wholesome milk at the shipping station where it passes from their control.
We recognize that there is much need of education among the producers to the end that better methods be introduced, but we insist that much more is there need in stopping the partial skimming of the milk and other adulterations of the same after it has passed from the hands of the producer. and of correcting the dirty and unsanitary methods of handling the milk In many shipping stations while passing from hand to hand before reaching the consumer.
We arraign the present method of the distribution of milk from producer to consumer as responsible for most of the evils complained of as unbusiness like and wasteful, as making reforms difficult, if not impossible and so intolerable to both producer and consumer.
We invite correspondence and co-operation with health officers and all other parties interested in the providing of pure wholesome milk to consumers in New York City.
J. C. LATIMER, F. B. AIKEN, IRA L. SUELL, Committee.
The following resolutions were adopted:
Resolved, That the co-operative creameries built and operated by the producers, a sure, direct and powerful instrumentality to correct the evils of the situation in the milk field.
Resolved, That we commend the action of those milk producers who have already withdrawn from the shipping trade and started co-operative creameries, and that we urge other producers to follow their example as soon as possible.
Resolved, That we urge producers to this course because we believe the co-operative creameries will take the price-making power out of the hands of the city dealers and put it into the hands of the milk producers, will reduce the expenses of dairy farming while increasing its net return, will keep on the farms the fertility now shipped away in the milk, will reduce the feed bills, and in general will improve the situation for those farmers who supply milk and butter to the great markets.
Resolved, That the 140 or more co-operative creameries already operating should organize an association for the purpose or resisting all attempts of the city dealers to get back any of the milk once diverted from the city trade, and that the association should be arranged so that it can take in new co-operative enterprises as fast as they are ready to work.
Resolved, That we urge all co-operative creameries and dairy farmers to refuse long time contracts with city dealers, and to get their affairs in shape as rapidly as possible, to co-operate in building and operating their own shipping stations and cheese or butter factories.
TIOUGHNIOGA CLUB.
By-laws Changed—Age Limit Advanced—Membership Limit Cut Down.
The proposed changes in the by-laws of the Tioughnioga club were carried last night by nearly the unanimous voice of the organization, there being only one dissenting vote. The meeting was largely attended.
As a result of the amendments which were made last night, the age limit for members is changed from 18 years, the former limit, to 21 years. The limit of the membership of the organization is changed from 200 to 150. An admission fee of $5 will now be charged, and the dues of resident members is placed at $12 per year and of non-resident members at $6 per year.
Seven new members were voted in at the meeting last evening.
FOR GOOD ROADS.
State Surveyor and Engineer Bond to Speak in Cortland.
Cortland is to secure no farmers' institute this year, as the program was already made up to fill all the time without considering the local application. So Mr. J. D. F. Woołston has written to State Surveyor and Engineer Edward A. Bond and has secured his promise to come to Cortland at some time about the middle of the month when he will speak upon "Good Roods and How to Repair Them Economically."
Mr. Woolston has secured the use of the court house for that meeting and is sending a notification to each supervisor and commissioner of highways in the county asking them to be present and to invite as many as possible of the residents of their towns who are interested in good roads. The exact date will be given later. This will be a good opportunity to hear an expert on the subject and he will undoubtedly be ready to answer any questions that it may be desired to ask him.
BREVITIES.
—Groton, N. Y., is in need of more houses.
—Mr. Irving F. Rice had the misfortune to smash the index finger of his left hand while using a feed cutter last Saturday.
—Superintendent of Public Works E. L. Becker is removing the big snow drifts from the west side of Main-st. by means of large sleighs.
—New display advertisements today are— M. W. Giles, "Closing Out Sale of Odds and Ends," page 7; S. P. Smith, Meats, page 5; Opera House, Edison's pictures, page 5.
—The February class at the Buffalo Normal school held its class day exercises last night. There are twenty-nine members of the class. The class of next June is expected to number about ninety.
—Cordello Herrick, chaplain of Auburn prison, will address the men's meeting at the Y. M. C. A. parlors next Sunday afternoon at 4 o'clock. His subject is not as yet announced, but it will be some phase of prison work.
—The Normal school reopened for its spring term yesterday and enrolled 584 students during the forenoon. Classes were passed in the afternoon and lessons assigned so that regular recitations begun this morning. This broke all records in the school for speed in getting under way.
—Miss Ivy Beatrice Miller of Binghamton, daughter of the late Marcus A. Miller of that city and formerly of Cortland, was married yesterday at noon to Dr. Charles Martin Dolan of Lorain, O. The ceremony was performed by Rev. Clarence A. Bull, the rector of the Church of the Good Shepherd.
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