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| Major General Adna Chaffee. |
Cortland Evening Standard, Wednesday, Jan. 29, 1902.
SOLDIERS' HARDSHIPS.
Captain Porter's Marines Had a Trying Time.
WITHOUT FOOD FOR MANY DAYS.
Couldn't Find Edible Roots and Ate Two Dogs—Ten Men Delirious—Marines Angry at Natives—Campaign in Samar Retarded by Continuous Rains—An Elusive Enemy.
Manila, Jan. 29.—General Chaffee curtailed his trip and returned here. He says he found the conditions apparently satisfactory everywhere, except at Samar, where continuous rains during the past two months has retarded the campaign, especially against such an elusive enemy.
The condition of Captain David D. Porter's marines who took part in the expedition into the interior of Samar is much worse than previously described. They suffered fearful hardships and were without food for several days. The natives who accompanied the marines claimed they were unable to distinguish the edible roots, which the marines did not believe. The anger of the marines against the natives is intense. None of the latter returned with the marines.
The marines suffered so acutely from starvation that they ate raw the flesh of two dogs.
When Captain Porter and the first three of his men staggered into camp, they were delirious and difficulty was experienced concerning the whereabouts of their companions.
Williams of the First Infantry headed the relief expedition in the face of a torrential rainstorm, which flooded the rivers. He succeeded in reaching the remaining 10 men who would otherwise have certainly perished. He found them all delirious. Two of the men were discovered in the branches of trees, barking like dogs. Some of the marines are so ill that they are not likely to recover.
General Chaffee has endeavored to obtain full details of the trip of the marines but Captain Porter is not yet able to lucidly explain matters.
Senator Henry Teller. 
Senator Henry C. Lodge.
HEATED DEBATE.
Acrimonious Discussion Over the Philippine Question.
Washington, Jan. 29.—A Philippine storm was central in the senate chamber for nearly three hours, but was void of definite results. At times it looked very serious and the spectator« who thronged the galleries watched it with breathless interest.
Acrimony in senate debates is not infrequent, but old senators say it has been years since there has been such a hurricane of bitter vituperation, of personal taunt, of ugly charges and of unmodified criticism as was witnessed. Not since the discussion of the resolution leading up to the Hispano-American war have any scenes occurred in the senate comparable with it.
Irritation was aroused on both sides of the chamber and once or twice personal encounters between senators seemed imminent. Once when Senator Teller taunted the Republican senators by declaring they knew the statements made in a recent dispatch from Manila in which General Wheaton was represented as criticizing the opponents of the government's policy in the Philippines were true, a half dozen Republicans were on their feet in an instant. Senator Lodge, at whom the taunt seemed to be aimed particularly, hurriedly crossed from his seat in the center of the Republican side to the main aisle of the senate and white to the lips passionately challenged the statement of the Colorado senator and demanded that he withdraw it.
Senator Teller so modified the statement and further hostilities at that time were averted.
One of the sharpest colloquies of the session was between Senators Spooner and Tillman. The race problem involving the lynching of negroes was interjected into the controversy and much feeling was manifested by both senators.
When the discussion finally was ended for the day the chair felt called upon seriously to admonish senators that the rules of the body had not been observed, and after reading the rule which had been violated he expressed the hope that in the future senators would have a care to observe it. Such an admonition has not been made by the presiding officer of the senate in many years.
Prior to the outbreak on the Philippine question the senate concluded the consideration of the bill establishing a department of commerce and passed it. The name of the new department was changed to that of the department of commerce and labor.
FOR GOOD ROADS.
PROPOSITION TO EXPEND THE SUM OF $10,000,000.
Connecting Various Counties Through the State—Four Years to do the Work. Seventeen Years to Pay for it—Cortland to be Included in the Place—Discussion at Good Roads Convention.
ALBANY, Jan. 29, (Special.)—One of the most interesting features of today's good roads convention was the plan submitted by state engineer and surveyor Bond of a continuous system of good roads. It is designed to cover the entire state, as far as practicable, connecting all the important county seats, and giving access to health and summer resorts. The cost of such a system of good roads as that proposed would be about $10,000,000 at the outset. Four years would be required to do the work. Eventually half of the expense would be turned into the state's treasury by the localities, so that the annual payment on the bonds would be but $760,000 a year for a period of seventeen years. This outlay would make necessary a state tax of not to exceed six cents on every $1,000.
In dwelling upon his proposition State Engineer Bond said in the course of his address before the convention today that the chief criticism of the state's policy of road improvement up to date was that the work of road improvement was not continuous; that while localities which were building good roads were getting the benefit of their own local work, the state at large was not profiting materially from the work, and in the nature of things could not hope to for a good many years to come. His plan, he said, was not offered as the only one that could be adopted to meet the situation; it was merely put forward for the purpose of indicating what can be done in the good roads movement for an expenditure of $10,000,000. He hoped, he said, that it would serve to provoke discussion on the subject, even though it failed to accomplish anything else.
"An expenditure of $10,000,000," State Engineer Bond continued, "would construct upwards of 1,250 miles of improved macadam road. Following along those counties which have thus far filed petitions for the largest amount of improved roads, it would seem that the first work should be taken up by connecting the counties running through the eastern, central and southern portions of the state. This would naturally form a continuous road from New York City, by way of Albany, to Buffalo; from Albany to Rouse's Point, and from Nyack through the southern tier to Mayville, Chautauqua county, aggregating about 1,090 miles. Out of the $10,000,000 fund there would be left sufficient for the improvement of about 160 miles of lateral roads, which added to the 175 miles of improved roads already completed and in process of construction, and for which funds have been provided, and which would be utilized in forming these lateral roads, would make a total mileage of 1,425 miles."
An examination of State Engineer Bond's system shows that it provides for a road right through the heart of the Adirondacks from Lowville to Crown Point. Another road passes up between Lake Champlain and the eastern side of the Adirondacks, turns to the west and follows the northern boundary of the state through Malone and Canton, and passes down to Watertown, where it connects with other roads running southward to Rome. Syracuse, Oswego and Lyons, and there connects with a trunk road, crossing the state from east to west.
By this system of roads it would be practicable to travel from New York to Buffalo by way of Newburg, Monticello, Deposit, Binghamton, Elmira, Corning, Bath, Belmont and Little Valley, or from Little Valley west and south to Jamestown around Chautauqua lake to Mayville, and thence north to Buffalo. It would likewise be possible to go from New York to Buffalo by a road along the Hudson river to Albany, and thence directly west over roads following generally the line of the New York Central railroad.
Another line of good roads contained in State Engineer Bond's plan extends from Kingston through the heart of the Catskill mountains to Delhi, Norwich, Cortland, Ithaca and Watkins, there connecting with other roads reaching to the western part of the state. From Albany three lines of road are proposed; one going north to Troy and through the Adirondacks to Plattsburg; another along the west bank of the Hudson to New York City, a third west to Schenectady, and thence west to Buffalo over a central system of roads, following the line of the Central road. There are to be five roads from Syracuse—one east to Albany through Utica and the Mohawk valley; one northeast to Rome through Oneida, one north to Pulaski, and thence connecting with the road to the north; one north to Oswego, and one west to Auburn and Buffalo.
PAGE FOUR—EDITORIAL.
National Pure Food Law.
The bill lately presented in the house of representatives by Mr. Mann of Illinois and to be pushed in the senate by Senator Cullom gives promise of a substantial and effective movement in behalf of pure food legislation. It is regarded as the strongest pure food measure ever proposed.
It is the outcome of a great deal of quiet work begun by the Retail Grocers' association of Chicago and finally taken up by the National Association of Retail Grocers. It strikes right at the root of the adulteration evil by placing responsibility directly upon the man who puts up impure goods. It does not seek the ruin of the retailer who innocently buys and sells them.
Another strong feature of this measure is that it places as a protective agency, in conjunction with state boards of health and pure food commissions, a national bureau with power over impure goods manufactured in any state and shipped elsewhere.
The need of such a national measure is shown by the support the proposed bill is receiving from the leading retailers and wholesalers of the country. They seem to be a unit in declaring that the state laws for detecting and punishing adulterations in foods have proved inadequate and that the only successful course to pursue is to punish the persons responsible for making the impure foods.
Elks at Auburn.
About a dozen and a half of the members of Cortland lodge, No. 748, Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, went to Auburn today and will be present this evening and help the Auburn lodge in dedicating their new and elaborate rooms. Part of the Cortland delegation started this morning via Syracuse, while the others drove to Groton in hacks this afternoon and will go from there to Auburn by the Lehigh Valley R. R.
JOHN H. ROWLEY
Found Dead in His Barn in the Town of Truxton, N. Y.
TRUXTON, Jan. 29.—Mr. John H. Rowley, a well known and highly respected farmer who resides in this town on the north road near Labrador lake, dropped dead in his barn yesterday.
Yesterday morning at about 9:30 o'clock Mr. Rowley went to his barn to do chore,. At about 11 o'clock his sister, Mrs. Rebecca Negus, who lives only a short distance from her brother's house, went to call upon her brother's family. Passing the barn she saw the door open and going in found her brother on the floor. She went to the house and notified Mrs. Rowley and her two daughters, who went to the barn. Thinking he was in a faint the women tried to get him to the house, but as be weighed over 200 pounds they were unable to carry him. Word was quickly sent to a large party of men who were cutting ice on Labrador lake, and also to Drs. Leonard and Dwinelle of Tully. The men arrived very soon and Mr. Rowley was removed to the house. The physicians soon came who found that he had been dead several hours.
It is thought that death was caused by heart disease as he was subject to that difficulty. The funeral arrangements have not as yet been made.
Mr. Rowley was born in the town of Truxton in 1838 and has always resided here. He has always been engaged in farming and owned several hundred acres of land in the northern part of this town. The charming resort, Tinkers Fails, is located upon his farm. In politics he was a Democrat. He is survived by his widow, two daughters, Mrs. William McKivers of Apulia, Miss Rowley of Cortland and one son.
CORTLAND SCIENCE CLUB.
Dr. Reese Speaks at Length upon the Subject of Tuberculosis.
Dr. F. D. Reese addressed the Cortland Science club on Saturday evening last, his subject being ''Tuberculosis." The paper was extremely interesting and impressed the hearers with the fact that man, born of woman, hasn't a very long time to live, and is liable to trouble.
After speaking of the knowledge the ancients had concerning the disease, the doctor told of how the disease was transmitted from one to another, usually by inhalation, or otherwise taking into the system the germs from the sputum of the consumptive subject. The doctor explained bow necessary it was to instruct the patient regarding the nature of his disease and how easily the infection could be spread, so that he might co-operate with the physician in an endeavor to stamp it out, by a close observance of the hygienic laws governing the case. It was shown how by disregarding these laws, a patient could keep on re-inoculating himself. Rest, sunlight and fresh air is the most rational cure, and this cure, the speaker claimed, could be performed as well at home, as at any of the resorts.
Authorities differ regarding the transmission of the disease from cattle to man, the weight of opinion being, however, that bovine tuberculosis can be transmitted to man and that beef and milk from infected herds is a constant menace.
In the state of New York alone, out of 1,200 cattle examined, about 18.4 per cent were found infected. Unclean money, both coin and paper, was regarded as being often the vehicle by which germs were conveyed. Cigars made in factories where tuberculosis persons were employed were also regarded with suspicion and the kissing habit is also put under ban. Now we can get along very well without such luxuries as beef and milk; we might even be brought to eschew the weed, but the necessaries of life we must have, science to the contrary notwithstanding.
BREVITIES.
—The annual public exercises of the Delphic fraternity occur at Normal hall tonight at 8 o'clock.
—Tomorrow evening in Normal hall will occur the annual debate of the Gamma Sigma fraternity.
—The rehearsal of the "Rose Maiden" chorus will be held this evening in the prayer room of the First M. E. church at 8 o'clock.
—New display advertisements today are—Opera House, "Our New Minister," page 5; Opera House, "The Volunteer Organist," page 5.
—The population of Moravia under the census just completed is 1,459, of whom 1,097 are over 21 years of age and 326 are under that age.
—The Home Missionary society of the First Baptist church will meet on Friday afternoon at 2 o'clock at the home of Mrs. James E. Tanner, 17 Lincoln-ave.
—The game of basket ball between the locals and the Watertown team this evening at the Y. M. C. A. gymnasium will undoubtedly be one of the most exciting contests of the season. Game begins at 8 o'clock.
—Cottage prayer meetings of the First M. E. church will be held this evening as follows: Martin Edgcomb, 30 Grant-st.; J. L. Maritt, 89 Pendleton-st.; W. M. Swartz, 140 Port Watson-st.; Mrs. Mary A. Sperry, 10 Reynolds-ave., and on Friday night at the home of Dr. E. B. Nash, 30 Clinton-ave.
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