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| Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. |
Cortland Evening Standard, Tuesday, March 10, 1903.
State Court Sustained.
Washington, March 10,—The United States court has affirmed the opinion of the supreme court of South Carolina in the case of John Brownfield vs. the state of South Carolina. Brownfield is a negro who resides in South Carolina and was convicted of murder. He alleged that he had been denied the equal protection of law under the constitution because, notwithstanding four-fifths of the people of the community are colored, all negroes were excluded from the grand jury by which he was indicted. Justice Holmes, who delivered the opinion of the court, said there is no proof of the allegation, and therefore sustained the judgment of the state court, which was adverse to Brownfield.
CUBAN TREATY.
A Number of Democratic Senators Will Speak in Opposition.
Washington, March 10.—The senate committee on foreign relations will take up the Cuban treaty Wednesday. Quite a number of Democratic senators are opposed to the treaty and while they say they have no desire to prevent a vote they intend briefly to present their views.
The Republicans count on three or four more votes than the necessary two-thirds majority to ratify the treaty. There is a probability of some discussion of the constitutional right of the senate to make a treaty affecting the revenues of the government without the concurrence of the house.
Some opponents of the measure contend that this is such an important question that the [trade reciprocity] treaty might be delayed until the regular session of congress. Others have suggested an amendment providing that the treaty should not become operative until approved by the house.
Some members of the foreign relations committee think this much disputed question ought to go to the supreme court to be settled. It is the present intention of the committee to press the Cuban treaty to a vote as soon as the Colombian treaty is out of the way.
PAGE FOUR—EDITORIAL.
Applause by Machinery.
Nothing apparently is impossible to American inventive genius. Among its latest triumphs is a device for doing away with the hired "claque" as a means of expressing approval in the theater.
Trial has been made in St. Louis of a machine which will drown the handclapping of thirty husky supernumeraries and turn cold disdain to an ovation. The apparatus in construction is not unlike a mammoth street piano. That is to say, its principal working part is a cylinder supplied with pegs which strike the sounding hammers at intervals. Instead of strings, however, the "applause machine" has clappers, 104 of them, each tuned to a different pitch and arranged to imitate all varieties of applause from the soft impact of kid glove against kid glove to the stamp of an enthusiastic man's No. 11 boot and the thump of a gold headed cane in the balcony. When the handle is turned, the response is not to be distinguished from that of a large and varied audience. Thus far the new device has been used only behind the footlights. It has taken the part of an audience supposed to be behind the scenes. In this capacity it has proved a money saver, enabling one reasonably strong boy to do the work which formerly required a score of men and a trained leader.
There is no apparent reason why it would not work just as well in front of the footlights. If a manager desires to give the impression that his star is hailed with expressions of delight, all he will have to do is to turn the power on the applause machine in the orchestra. This would be more economical for the manager, and just as fair to the public, as to pack the first dozen rows with heavy handed "deadheads."
CORTLAND SCIENCE CLUB.
Lester Cooper Gives a Fine Talk Upon "Petroleum."
The success of the Science club is chiefly due to the fact that the major part of its members are practical business men. The speaker on Saturday evening has a good store of knowledge, learned in the hard school of experience. Mr. Lester Cooper, who spoke on "Petroleum," is at his best without notes, but gave scientific data which was in part as follows:
The word petroleum means rock-oil from the fact that it is found naturally oozing from crevices in rock or by drilling through rock. Its discovery is as old as history, being known to the ancients as naphtha, but was not of commercial importance until its development in the Pennsylvania oil fields beginning in 1859, its previous use being principally for medical purposes. The principal sources of petroleum are Russia and the United States.
There has been much controversy over the origin of petroleum, but it is now generally accepted that the great supplies of oil are of vegetable origin probably a spontaneous distillation by heat of deposits of sea weeds. Petroleum is not confined to any particular rock formation, but may be produced in various strata under the same conditions. The products of different fields vary greatly in character and composition, the Pennsylvania oil being of the highest value from the fact that it is mainly composed of the different paraffines, all of which are of commercial importance, The most valuable product, kerosene, runs as high as 78 per cent while the Russian article furnished only 25 to 32 per cent, and the Beutmont fields 36 per cent of this product. In general, four classes of products are obtained by distillation at different temperatures in refining petroleum; naphtha of various grades, burning oils, lubricating oils, and paraffin. By redistilling naphtha; cymogene, rhigolene, gasolene, benzene and grades of naphtha are obtained [sic].
The commercial importance of petroleum is due to its adaptability to so many uses. It is fast displacing vegetable and animal oils as a lubricator. It is becoming one of the most largely used materials in stoves. It is very successfully used for steam purposes. It is found to be very valuable in the manufacture of iron and steel and perhaps a great many other places in the industries that have not yet been thought out. In fact petroleum has become one of the indispensible needs of civilized man.
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| Main Street, Cortland, N. Y., circa 1900. |
ORDERED OUT OF TOWN.
Police are Watchful in Regard to a Number of Tramps.
James Morton, William Keegan and Thomas Smith, who were picked up on Grant-st., Cortland, yesterday afternoon by Officers Baker and Austin, were arraigned in police court this morning and given until 4 o'clock this afternoon to get out of the city. Smith was the only one of the trio that offered any resistance to the officers who made the arrest. He was brought in by Officer Austin after a hard struggle for his freedom.
There seems to be many tramps about the place at present, and the police force is using due precaution and will see that they move on without unnecessary delay.
In the meantime it is well for all to be on the outlook for the "Wandering Willies."
MEETING OF THE D. A. R.
Held Monday Afternoon at the Home of Mrs. Geo. P. Hollenbeck.
The regular meeting of the Tioughnioga Chapter, D. A. R., was held yesterday with Mrs. Geo. P. Hollenbeck. The attendance was large and a most interesting meeting was enjoyed.
Mrs. O. U. Mitchell of the Winona chapter from Minnesota outlined the work in the West and gave a most delightful talk.
Mrs. G. J. Magers's account of the centennial congress in Washington was a brilliant and graceful article, smoothly written and gave her hearers an accurate idea of the real work accomplished aside from the social functions.
At the next meeting the prizes for the two best essays by the children from the public schools are to be announced to the winners.
The literary program followed upon "The Settlement and Colonial History of Pennsylvania:"
Early Settlements of Swedes and Dutch, Mrs. G. H. Smith.
Progress of Colony, Miss Gould.
Colonial Troubles, Mrs. J. D. Sherwood.
Benjamin Franklin, Mrs. J. G. Jarvis.
Refreshments were served by the hostess and a pleasant social time enjoyed by all including five guests of the chapter.
GREENE-BRONSON.
A Noon Wedding and a Departure on the 1 o'clock Train.
Miss Maud Bronson, daughter of Attorney H. L. Bronson, was married at noon today at her borne, 66 Port Watson-st., to Dr. F. D. Greene of Plattsburg. Rev. George H. Brigham of Cortland officiated. Only the immediate members of the families of the contracting parties were present. The bride and groom left on the 1:03 Lackawanna train today for the mountains where they will spend a few weeks.
The house was profusely decorated with cut flowers, including roses and carnations, and with ferns and smilax. The couple was unattended. After the ceremony an elaborate wedding breakfast was served. The bride was remembered with many beautiful and costly presents.
It was the intention of Mr. and Mrs. Bronson to give a large wedding in May, the date at first intended for the happy occasion, but owing to the ill health of Dr. Greene, from grip and bronchitis which necessitated a change of climate for him, an earlier date was set for the event, and consequently, a change of plans had to be made. The couple will spend a few weeks in the mountains and if Dr. Greene's condition is not materially bettered they will then take a trip to the Bermudas.
The bride is one of Cortland's beautiful and accomplished young ladies, and she has a host of friends who will wish her much happiness. The groom is a graduate of the Buffalo Dental college and is also a John Hopkins institute student. Dr. Greene intends to locate in Cortland, and has already secured rooms in the new Tanner block, which he will occupy in the fall.
Mr. and Mrs. Truman P. Greene, Mr. and Mrs. C. M. Greene and Miss Anna Greene, the parents, brother and sisters of the groom, all of Ithaca, were here today to attend the wedding.
HANDSOME NEW RESIDENCE
To be Erected by F. J. Doubleday Corner Church and Port Watson-sts.
Mr. F. J. Doubleday is preparing to begin the erection of a fine dwelling on his lot at the corner of Church and Port Watson-sts.
Ground will be broken about the first of next week, and the building will then be pushed to completion. The dwelling will be modern colonial in architecture, three stories in height, 67 feet and 5 inches in length along Port Watson-st., and 38 feet along Church-st. The foundation will be of finest Gouverneur marble, and on the corner next the street corner will be a handsome tower. A twelve and one-half foot hall will be built from the main entrance on Port Watson-st. through to the rear of the building. West of this will be two parlors, while east of it will be a sittingroom at the front and a dinningroom at the rear. Farther east of these will be bath rooms, kitchen, pantry, etc.
The sittingroom will be finished in curly maple, while the hall and dinningroom will be finished in quartered oak. The parlors will be finished in white and gilt. There will be three fire places built in the house.
Beside the tower the exterior of the house will be ornamented with composite capitals, and plate and cut glass will be used on the street sides. The dwelling place when erected will be one of the best in the city.
The plans for the structure were drawn by Messrs. M. F. Howes & Son of Cortland, and W. Elster will have charge of the building.
BREVITIES.
—The Cortland Kindergarten association will meet Thursday, March 12 at 3:30p, m. in the Normal kindergarten.
—The Lenten service at Grace Episcopal church tomorrow afternoon will be at 4 o'clock instead of at 4:30. This notice is for this one day only.
—The March business meeting of the Junior Baraca Bible class of the First Baptist church will be held in the church parlors tonight at 8 o'clock.
—Cortland Chapter, No. 149, R. A. M., will confer the past and most excellent degrees in full form at its regular convocation Wednesday evening at 8 o'clock.
—The Ladies' club will give an entertainment at the home of Mrs. J. F. Twiss, 16 Church-st., tomorrow afternoon at 3:30 o'clock, the usual hour for the meeting of the club.
—The new display advertisements today are—A. S. Burgess, Clothing, page 8; C. F. Brown, Drugs and Paints, page 4; Angell & Thomas, Shoes, page 7; M. A. Case, Dry goods, page 6; The First National bank, Banking etc., page 6; A. Mahan, Pianos and organs, page 7; C. F. Thompson, Maple sugar, page 5; W. W. Bennett, Hardware, etc., page 7; Sager & Jennings, Drugs, paints, page 6.
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